Windows 11新AI功能恐中毒?微軟緊急警告!

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微軟警告Windows 11用戶:呢個AI功能可能會安裝病毒

無論你對微軟由舊版系統升級到Windows 11嘅感覺係點,隨住佢哋未來計劃打造一個「智能操作系統」(agentic OS),使用呢啲新功能其實存在風險。喺即將向部分Windows Insider用戶推出新功能嘅前夕,微軟發出警告:用戶只應該喺「了解安全風險」嘅情況下開啟呢啲實驗性功能。事實上,因為安全考慮,呢啲agentic功能預設係關閉嘅。

咁點解會有風險呢?原因好簡單但又好令人擔心:AI應用會帶來跨提示注入攻擊(Cross-Prompt Injection,XPIA)嘅風險,因為佢哋有權限訪問用戶文件。當啟用agentic功能時,系統會開出一個agentic帳戶,呢個帳戶有有限度地讀寫你「Maindrive > Users > 用戶名」目錄底下嘅檔案。如果agent需要存取文件,Windows就會授權佢哋讀寫該目錄嘅所有內容。

微軟指「惡意內容如果藏喺介面元素或文件入面,可以覆蓋agent嘅指令」,咁就可能會導致意想不到嘅後果,例如資料外洩或者透過AI應用安裝惡意軟件。換句話講,呢啲漏洞可以用嚟安裝病毒或者偷取用戶敏感文件。更重要係,使用agent工作區時,「agentic應用程式可以存取所有用戶都可以用嘅應用程式」。呢啲AI agent可能喺你唔知情嘅情況下安裝或修改軟件,呢點相當令人憂慮。

咩係Windows 11即將推出嘅agentic功能?

根據微軟最新嘅支援公告,呢個實驗性功能叫做Agent Workspace(代理工作區)。目前只喺Windows Insider嘅開發者預覽版中有限度推出,部分用戶已經可以試用。暫時未有應用程式支持呢個新功能,但未來Copilot將會連接agentic工作區,其他應用亦會陸續接入。簡單嚟講,呢啲AI agent係作為「Ask Copilot」功能嘅補充,後者係Windows 11中呼叫AI助手嘅工具。

Copilot本身就引起隱私問題,例如AI可以「睇到你整個屏幕顯示嘅內容」。雖然Copilot能幫用戶處理一啲有用嘅任務,但用家要衡量願唔願意承擔風險。呢個初期版本只會有限度授權,方便開發者收集反饋同加強基礎安全。微軟強調安全唔係一次性功能,而係持續承諾,會隨技術需求不斷調整。

Agent工作區係一個獨立隔離嘅空間,用戶可以喺背景允許AI agent存取文件,自己繼續用電腦。呢個專用帳戶同隔離設計「清晰界定agent活動同用戶行為嘅界線」,達到微軟所講嘅「範圍授權同運行時隔離」。用戶有完全控制權,可以隨時管理agent存取權限。理論上,你可以隨時停止agent運作,但仍然令人擔心。隨着更多人試用呢啲實驗功能,大家會有更多資料了解佢哋嘅運作同安全性。不過,目前用戶普遍唔滿意,網上亦有不少反對聲音。

評論與分析:

微軟呢次嘅警告話畀大家知,AI功能唔係淨係帶來便利,背後潛藏嘅安全風險絕對唔容忽視。尤其係agentic AI可以存取用戶個人資料夾,甚至有權讀寫檔案,呢個權限一旦被惡意利用,後果相當嚴重,包括資料外洩、病毒入侵甚至系統被控制。

Windows 11嘅agent功能代表AI同操作系統嘅深度整合,係未來科技發展嘅趨勢,但安全防護同用戶授權管理就顯得更加重要。微軟強調「範圍授權」同「運行隔離」嘅設計,理論上係好,但實際操作中,AI agent嘅行為監控同異常檢測機制仍然需要加強,否則用戶可能會成為「無聲嘅受害者」。

另外,Copilot本身已經因為可以看到用戶屏幕而引起隱私疑慮,今次agentic功能嘅擴展,等於擴大咗AI嘅監控範圍同控制權,增加咗潛在嘅安全漏洞。微軟要同時做到便利、安全同尊重用戶私隱,唔係件易事。

最後,微軟選擇由實驗性功能開始,逐步收集用戶回饋並改進,係一個理性嘅策略。不過,作為用戶,喺未完全理解風險之前,最好暫時唔好輕易開啟agentic功能,尤其係企業用戶同重視資料安全嘅用家,更要格外小心。

總括而言,Windows 11嘅agentic AI功能係一把雙刃劍,帶嚟新嘅便利同創新同時,都要用心管理風險,才能真正發揮AI嘅正面效益。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。而圖片則由FLUX根據內容自動生成。

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