為了與SpaceX的Starship競爭，ULA計劃升級其Vulcan火箭
奧蘭多（路透社） – 波音（NYSE:BA）和洛克希德·馬丁（NYSE:LMT）共同成立的火箭合資企業美國發射聯盟（ULA）計劃升級其Vulcan火箭，以挑戰SpaceX的Starship在低地球軌道衛星發射市場的地位，該公司的首席執行官表示。
ULA希望開發一款針對越來越有利可圖的低地球軌道（LEO）市場的Vulcan型號，這主要是因為SpaceX為其Starlink互聯網服務在該區域發射了數千顆衛星。
ULA首席執行官托里·布魯諾（Tory Bruno）在奧蘭多的一次軍事空間會議上告訴路透社：“我們最近完成了一項大型貿易研究，以了解我們需要具備哪些能力才能在未來的LEO市場中具有競爭力。”
“我們已經選擇了一種對Vulcan的修改，這使我們能夠向LEO發射更多質量，並使我們進入了競爭範圍。”
ULA的Vulcan火箭由傑夫·貝索斯的藍色起源公司提供的引擎驅動，今年已完成了兩次首次發射，主要設計用於滿足五角大樓在不同軌道的任務需求。
布魯諾表示，ULA為一款針對LEO優化的版本制定的選項中，包括一種“Vulcan Heavy”，即三個Vulcan核心推進器綁在一起。他還提到，還有“其他相當獨特的Vulcan配置，推進系統安裝在不尋常的位置”。
儘管SpaceX的Starship主要設計用於載人任務前往月球和火星，但該公司計劃利用其加速將大量Starlink衛星部署到低地球軌道。
這迫使SpaceX的競爭對手必須匹配Starship的能力，因為包括亞馬遜（NASDAQ:AMZN）在內的其他公司正在急於建立競爭性的衛星網絡，從而推動對大型發射器的需求。
布魯諾表示，ULA希望在馬斯克的Starship開始提供LEO衛星發射之前完成該變體的開發，他認為這可能需要幾年的時間。
“我們不會在那個特定市場上與他競爭一段時間，”布魯諾預測。
馬斯克曾表示，他希望大約將Starship的推力翻倍，並改進火箭快速返回著陸的能力，這表明SpaceX距離發射LEO Starlink衛星可能還需要幾個月到一年以上的時間。
ULA已經與亞馬遜預定了多個Vulcan任務，以將其Kuiper互聯網衛星送入太空，使這款火箭成為亞馬遜挑戰Starlink戰略的重要組成部分。亞馬遜還與其他火箭預定了發射，這是2022年創紀錄的多次發射協議的一部分。
SpaceX已經從其位於德克薩斯州南部的Starbase火箭基地發射了六次Starship測試飛行，展示了其涉及連續升級和逐步測試里程碑的戲劇性測試失敗理念，然後再鎖定商業級設計。其他公司，包括ULA，則不會在設計尚未最終確定之前發射新火箭。
ULA計劃明年進行八次Vulcan任務，並進行12次Atlas（NYSE:ATCO）V發射，這是Vulcan的前身，將逐步退役。
Vulcan的發射起始價格約為1.1億美元，略高於SpaceX的Falcon 9的基本價格，目前已經有大約70個任務的訂單，包括亞馬遜的任務，這增加了火箭規律發射的緊迫性。
ULA於2006年由波音和洛克希德的太空發射計劃合併成立，已經出售超過一年，吸引了來自西耶拉·內華達公司太空部門Sierra Space和貝索斯的藍色起源的興趣，路透社此前報導。
布魯諾對於收購談判未作評論。
這篇報道揭示了ULA在火箭市場中的競爭策略，特別是面對SpaceX這個強有力的對手。隨著低地球軌道市場的需求不斷增長，ULA的升級計劃不僅是技術上的追趕，更是商業上的策略布局。這也反映出，隨著太空產業的發展，傳統航空航天公司正面臨越來越大的挑戰，必須加快創新步伐，才能在這個快速變化的市場中生存和發展。
以上文章由特價GPT API根據網上資料所翻譯及撰寫，過程中沒有任何人類參與 🙂
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