SpaceX星艦第十次試飛突延期技術挑戰再顯峯迴路轉

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SpaceX因發射場問題取消第十次星艦任務發射延遲多項關鍵里程碑

由於發射場出現技術問題，Elon Musk旗下的SpaceX於星期日取消了原定於德州進行的第十次星艦任務發射，令公司多年來期待達成的多項發展目標再度延遲。這些目標因過去多次測試早期失敗而未能實現。

當時，總高232呎（70.7米）的超重型助推器與高達171呎（52米）的星艦上半段已疊放於SpaceX位於Starbase的發射台上，並開始加注推進劑，準備於東部時間晚上7時35分（格林威治時間23時35分）起飛。

但距離預定起飛時間約30分鐘時，SpaceX於社交平台X表示，因地面系統出現問題，需要暫停發射以進行排查。

Elon Musk原本計劃於發射前更新星艦的研發進度，但官方直播頁面顯示該環節已取消。

過去類似的延遲通常會在數天內解決。SpaceX的官方網站現時將下一次發射嘗試目標訂於8月25日星期一。

作為SpaceX下一代火箭的星艦，是公司未來強大發射業務及Musk火星計劃的核心。今年以來，星艦研發屢遭挫折，包括早期兩次飛行測試失敗、第九次飛行中出現空間故障，以及6月時測試台爆炸，碎片甚至飛至鄰近墨西哥領土。這些事件考驗了SpaceX「測試到失敗」的研發策略。

儘管如此，SpaceX仍在其廣闊的Starbase生產設施迅速製造新星艦，繼續進行測試飛行。NASA希望最早於2027年利用星艦完成自阿波羅計劃以來首次載人登月任務。

這些挫折突顯了星艦最新版本的技術複雜性。新版本具備更強推力、更耐熱的隔熱盾，以及更強的操控襟翼，這些都是Musk長期強調、實現星艦快速重複使用的關鍵技術，尤其是保障大氣層再入的穩定性。

此次疊裝系統原本預計於星期日黃昏從德州發射，星艦上半段會在高空數十英里處與超重型助推器分離。過往助推器曾利用巨型機械臂返航降落發射台，但這次計劃改為在墨西哥灣進行軟著水面，測試備用引擎配置。

星艦會短暫點火引擎，繼續飛向太空，嘗試釋放第一批模擬Starlink衛星，並在繞地亞軌道的亞軌道路徑上重新點火引擎。

之後，星艦將進入印度洋上空的大氣層再入階段，這是測試多種原型隔熱磚和引擎襟翼能否承受高溫燒蝕的關鍵階段。過往多次飛行中，火箭外殼皆遭遇嚴重燒蝕。

SpaceX官網指出：「星艦的再入軌跡設計故意讓上段後襟翼承受最大動態壓力下的結構極限。」

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評論與啟示：技術挑戰下的雄心與現實

SpaceX這次因發射場地面系統問題而取消發射，反映出即使是行業領先的航天企業，也難以避免複雜系統中細節的突發狀況。星艦作為迄今最大、技術最前沿的可重用火箭，承載了Musk對火星移民及商業航天的巨大期望，但其技術挑戰也前所未有。

從過去多次失敗事件到此次延期，SpaceX的「測試到失敗」策略顯示出其對快速迭代和學習的執著，但這種高風險的開發方式在向市場和公眾展示可靠性之前，仍需承受不少挫折。對香港及全球航天愛好者而言，這提醒我們航天技術不僅是光鮮亮麗的成功發射，更是無數次失敗和調試的積累。

同時，星艦的技術進步，尤其是熱盾和操控襟翼的改良，將是未來實現快速重複使用和降低發射成本的關鍵。這對整個航天產業的可持續發展意義重大，也可能影響全球太空競賽的格局。

然而，SpaceX的雄心與實際技術成熟度之間仍有差距。未來幾次發射能否順利完成，將是檢驗其技術路線和商業模式的關鍵。對香港讀者來說，這不僅是觀察全球航天巨頭動態的窗口，也是思考如何在高科技領域中平衡創新與風險的生動案例。

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