RBC調低Ashtead評級 警告成本與美國風險增




加拿大皇家銀行調低Ashtead評級至「表現遜於大市」 指成本上升、產能過剩及美國市場風險

加拿大皇家銀行資本市場(RBC Capital Markets)於9月19日發布報告,將英國設備租賃公司Ashtead Group plc(倫敦證券交易所代號:AHT)的評級由「行業表現」下調至「表現遜於大市」,主要因成本增加、行業產能過剩、激烈競爭及美國宏觀經濟風險,預期短期內公司業績將受壓。

該報告指出,截至9月18日,Ashtead股價收市於5,362便士,RBC設下新的目標價為4,600便士,較現價有約13%下跌空間。分析師亦提供較悲觀的下跌目標價3,275便士(跌幅37%),以及較樂觀的目標價6,775便士(升幅28%)。

RBC表示:「由於多項微觀、技術及宏觀因素,我們將Ashtead評級下調至『表現遜於大市』。」報告指出,公司折舊成本多年來增長速度快於租賃收入,2025財年折舊佔租賃收入比例高達23%,公司擁有市值約190億美元的設備車隊。

該行估算,市場對Ashtead租賃收入增長的共識預期,令其2028財年息稅折舊攤銷前利潤(EBITA)被高估約11%。分析師指出,「折舊成本增長結構性地快於租賃收入增長,加上技術工人工資、維修及物流成本上升,令EBITDA利潤率擴張空間有限。」

行業層面亦存在壓力。多用途設備市場產能過剩,限制租金價格上升空間,拍賣數據顯示主要車隊類別價值下跌。以8月份數據為例,叉車拍賣價按年跌6.1%,庫存升27.7%;伸縮臂吊車跌3.7%,庫存升21%;高空作業平台跌4.9%,庫存升4.2%。

競爭方面,Bloomberg報導指出,美國設備租賃公司EquipmentShare正考慮首次公開招股(IPO),計劃籌資超過10億美元,這可能令其在美國市場的規模大增,成為Ashtead的強勁競爭對手。RBC分析員警告:「這或令租賃價格前景更不明朗,並在Ashtead最需要增資的時候,成為美國股權資本的主要競爭者。」

Ashtead計劃於2026年初在美國上市,RBC提醒此舉可能導致短期股價波動,並提及2022年Ferguson(FERG)在美國上市前表現遜於同業,成為先例。報告指出:「Ashtead在2026年第一季度於美國上市後,將失去其在英國市場享有的『獨特資產』地位。」

宏觀經濟方面,Ashtead股價過去與美國房屋建築商股指及二手房價密切相關。當前房屋負擔能力低企,增加當地租賃市場長期疲弱風險。RBC亦指出技術工人短缺,可能延誤建築項目,影響業務量回升。

儘管如此,RBC維持Ashtead未來盈利預測不變,預計2026財年收入達110億美元,2028財年增至124億美元,調整後每股盈利由2026年的365.5美分,升至2028年的477.6美分。預期2026至2028年股息由112美分增至142美分,股息率由1.5%升至2%。

總括而言,RBC認為短期風險大於潛在回報,市場上有更具價值的周期性股票可供選擇。

評論與啟示

RBC對Ashtead的評級調降,反映了設備租賃行業面對的多重挑戰。首先,成本結構的惡化,特別是折舊成本增速超過收入增長,凸顯了資本密集型行業對資產管理效率的嚴峻考驗。企業必須在保持車隊規模與資產利用率之間取得平衡,否則難以提升利潤率。

其次,產能過剩及拍賣價下跌,顯示市場供求失衡,長期租賃價格難以大幅提升,這對依賴租金收益的公司而言是重大風險。再者,美國市場的競爭加劇,尤其是EquipmentShare可能透過IPO擴大規模,將進一步壓低利潤空間。Ashtead在美國上市,雖有利於資金募集,但短期內可能引發波動,投資者需留意其股價表現的敏感度。

宏觀經濟層面,房屋負擔能力低及技術工人短缺,均可能拖慢建築活動復甦,影響設備租賃需求。這提醒投資者需關注宏觀經濟指標及勞動力市場動態,因為這些因素直接影響Ashtead的業務前景。

總結來說,Ashtead雖具備規模及行業地位優勢,但短期內面對多重不利因素,投資者應謹慎評估風險與回報。從更廣闊的角度看,設備租賃行業的結構性挑戰及競爭加劇,亦反映了全球基建及建築市場的轉型壓力。未來,如何通過技術創新提升資產利用率、控制成本,以及靈活應對市場波動,將是決定企業能否持續獲利的關鍵。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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