Nvidia:由遊戲巨頭到AI霸主之路

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二十五年來的科技變革:Nvidia如何引領AI革命

Nvidia在1999年改變了計算機世界,至今仍在重塑我們周圍的科技。1999年10月11日,Nvidia推出了首款圖形處理單元(GPU)GeForce 256,徹底改變了當時仍在發展中的PC遊戲市場。隨著時間的推移,Nvidia不僅在遊戲領域取得了重大影響,還在人工智能(AI)領域中開創了新的篇章。

截至2024年8月,Nvidia在AI芯片市場的佔有率高達80%,首席執行官黃仁勳(Jensen Huang)似乎並不打算放慢腳步。2024年5月,Nvidia在季度財報會上宣布,將每年推出一款新AI芯片,這一速度是之前兩年一次的計劃的兩倍。這一決策不僅雄心勃勃,還是對於過去一年AI迅猛增長的必要回應。2024年出現了大量新的AI應用和產品,從AI狗項圈到驚人的SORA視頻生成器,無不顯示出AI的潛力。

隨著AI的進一步發展,AI開發者需要更強大的芯片來訓練和運行他們的算法,而Nvidia正好能夠滿足這一需求。無論是為了撰寫文本還是生成表情包,背後都有可能是Nvidia的芯片在默默運行。

Nvidia的崛起:從遊戲到AI巨頭

Nvidia成立於1993年,由當時30歲的黃仁勳及其兩位朋友Chris Malachowsky和Curtis Priem創辦。至今,黃仁勳依然在公司掌舵,Malachowsky則在技術高管團隊中任職,而Priem於2003年退休。三人受到90年代初3D圖形進展的啟發,成立了自己的芯片公司。Nvidia在六年內推出了世界首款GPU——GeForce 256,徹底改變了PC遊戲。

如今,Nvidia仍是主導PC遊戲市場的兩大GPU品牌之一,其主要競爭對手是AMD,但Nvidia的芯片被廣泛認為是遊戲界的黃金標準。這一成功使Nvidia成為全球最成功的公司之一,市值超過3萬億美元。

然而,Nvidia並不僅滿足於遊戲的成功。GPU不僅能渲染驚人的圖形,還能為開發和運行大型語言模型(LLMs)提供所需的強大計算能力,例如OpenAI的ChatGPT。你或許在不知情的情況下,已經使用過由Nvidia芯片驅動的AI模型。OpenAI和Meta都在使用Nvidia的H100 GPU來訓練他們的AI模型,這款芯片在AI熱潮中成為最受追捧的GPU之一。

實際上,對Nvidia AI芯片的需求如此之高,以至於其即將推出的Blackwell芯片預計將超過30,000美元。對AI運行能力的GPU需求激增,讓許多分析師擔心我們可能很快會面臨類似2020年由加密貨幣熱潮引發的GPU短缺。

雖然其他公司如AMD和Intel也在生產GPU,但無可否認的是,Nvidia在遊戲和AI開發者市場上占據了穩固的地位。問題在於,Nvidia能在頂尖地位上維持多久?

黃仁勳的恐懼與願景

Nvidia的成功最初是由於其在新興市場的創新。在90年代初,這是PC遊戲和3D圖形的領域。為了在2020年代及以後不僅保持領先地位,還能夠繼續增長,Nvidia必須再次在AI市場上進行創新。Nvidia已經在這方面取得了一定的進展,H100芯片便是明證。然而,黃仁勳知道,無數競爭對手渴望分一杯羹。

在2023年《紐約時報》DealBook峰會上,黃仁勳坦言對Nvidia倒閉的持續恐懼,他在一次訪談中表示:“我不會驕傲和自信地醒來,而是感到擔憂和焦慮。”他進一步解釋道:“我不認為人們想把我趕出市場——我可能知道他們想這樣做,所以這是不同的。我生活在一種部分絕望、部分抱負的狀態中。”

這種對Nvidia在芯片市場上既受人追捧又脆弱的地位的認識,解釋了黃仁勳為何決定改為每年發布新產品。這一決策不僅是為了自我保護和市場領導地位,更是出於對AI未來的願景及尚未實現的可能性。在2023年DealBook峰會的訪談中,黃仁勳提到:“還有很多事情我們現在無法做到。我們還無法推理,這種多步推理是人類非常擅長的。”

他預測,我們可能在未來五年內看到早期的通用人工智能(AGI)示例。值得注意的是,他還強調,AI是推動自身進化的創新力量。H100芯片的設計也得到了AI的幫助,黃仁勳堅信AI將在Nvidia的創新中繼續扮演重要角色。

或許這本身就是對Nvidia持續成功的信心來源。Nvidia無疑是人類與AI合作力量的最佳範例之一,這種合作可能會導致計算機歷史上最驚人的進步。

整體而言,Nvidia在AI領域的發展不僅展示了技術的進步,也反映了市場競爭的白熱化。未來,隨著AI技術的日益成熟,Nvidia能否繼續保持其領導地位,將是科技界值得關注的重要話題。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。而圖片則由FLUX根據內容自動生成。

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