Nvidia遭遇史上最大55億美元芯片減值風暴




英偉達(NVDA)面臨中國晶片限制,預計將註銷 55 億美元的庫存

英偉達(NVDA)即將於 5 月 28 日星期三公佈季度業績,投資者關注的焦點在於新的美國出口限制對公司 H20 晶片的影響。英偉達近日宣布,將註銷 55 億美元的中國特供 H20 晶片庫存,分析師估計這可能導致未來 12 個月收入減少 150 億美元。這次註銷被稱為半導體行業歷史上最大的一次。

NVIDIA_NVDA

截至 4 月底的季度,分析師預計英偉達將實現 432.8 億美元的收入,同比增長 66%。儘管這一增長仍然領先於其他大型科技公司,但與去年同期超過 250% 的增長相比,增速明顯放緩。全年增長預計為 53%,顯示出增長軌跡趨於平緩,儘管英偉達在人工智能晶片銷售中佔據主導地位。

H20 晶片是英偉達專為滿足早前美國出口限制而設計的,但 4 月 9 日發布的新指令實施了更嚴格的許可要求。有報道稱,英偉達領導層對此舉感到意外,他們曾相信該晶片將被允許出口。英偉達 CEO 黃仁勳近日透露,在新的限制下,英偉達在中國的 GPU 市場份額已從 95% 下降至 50%。在 2024 財年,英偉達從中國地址的客戶(包括香港)獲得了 171 億美元的收入。

黃仁勳認為,持續的出口限制可能會促使中國加速開發自己的 AI 晶片,最終可能削弱美國在先進半導體技術方面的主導地位。英偉達股價今年以來上漲約 1%,微幅跑贏納斯達克綜合指數,該指數同期下跌約 1%。

5 月初,特朗普政府撤銷了擬議的「AI 擴散規則」,被視為英偉達和競爭對手 AMD 的暫時勝利。然而,監管機構表示將很快推出更簡單的替代規則,對 AI 晶片出口保持壓力。英偉達正在遊說爭取 H20 的出口許可,但摩根士丹利分析師認為,該公司不太可能在本次業績電話會議上提供任何有意義的更新。

作為編輯,我認為英偉達面臨的挑戰不僅來自於出口限制,還有中國自身的技術發展壓力。中國政府一直在推動國內晶片產業的發展,以減少對進口晶片的依賴。如果中國成功開發出具有競爭力的 AI 晶片,將對英偉達的業務產生重大影響。此外,美國政府對出口限制的態度也將影響英偉達的未來發展。投資者需要密切關注相關政策的變化以及英偉達的應對策略。

從長遠來看,英偉達在人工智能晶片市場的主導地位仍然堅固,但面臨的挑戰和不確定性正在增加。公司需要不斷創新和調整戰略,以應對不斷變化的市場環境和監管政策。對於投資者來說,了解這些變化並評估其對英偉達業務的影響至關重要。

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