Nvidia推中國版AI晶片 價格大減啟六月量產




英偉達將推中國專用廉價AI晶片,6月或開始量產

據多名知情人士透露,英偉達(Nvidia)將為中國市場推出一款全新人工智能晶片,定價顯著低於其最近受限的H20型號,並計劃最快於今年6月開始大規模生產。

這款GPU(圖形處理器)屬於英偉達最新一代Blackwell架構的AI處理器,預計售價介乎6,500至8,000美元,遠低於H20的10,000至12,000美元。消息人士指出,價格降低主要因為新晶片規格較弱,製造工藝相對簡單。

新晶片將基於英偉達的RTX Pro 6000D伺服器級圖形處理器,並採用傳統的GDDR7記憶體,而非更先進的高頻寬記憶體(HBM)。此外,該晶片不會使用台積電(TSMC)的先進晶片封裝技術CoWoS。

目前此晶片的價格、規格及生產時間尚未公開報導。三位消息人士均不願透露身份,因未獲授權對外發言。

英偉達發言人表示,公司仍在評估有限的選擇,並指出在未確定新產品設計及獲得美國政府批准前,無法進入中國約500億美元的數據中心市場。台積電則拒絕置評。

中國市場份額大幅下滑

中國仍是英偉達的重要市場,去年財政年度佔其銷售額約13%。這已是英偉達第三次因應美國當局限制,為中國市場量身打造特定GPU,以遏制中國科技發展。

據悉,美國在4月實際禁止H20晶片後,英偉達曾考慮為中國開發降級版H20,但計劃未能實現。英偉達CEO黃仁勳上週表示,H20所用的舊款Hopper架構已無法在現有美國出口限制下進行更多修改。

路透未能確認新晶片的最終命名。中國券商廣發證券周二發布報告稱,新GPU可能命名為6000D或B40,但未透露價格及消息來源。

兩名消息人士透露,英偉達還在為中國開發另一款Blackwell架構晶片,預計最快9月開始生產,但規格尚未確定。

黃仁勳本週在台北對記者表示,自2022年美國出口限制影響英偉達產品以來,公司在中國的市場份額已從95%驟降至約50%。主要競爭對手為華為,其生產的Ascend 910B晶片正逐步搶占市場。

黃仁勳亦警告,如美國繼續加強出口限制,將有更多中國客戶轉向購買華為晶片。

H20禁令令英偉達須撇帳55億美元庫存,黃仁勳週一在Stratechery播客中透露,公司還損失約150億美元銷售收入。

最新出口限制針對GPU記憶體頻寬設限,記憶體頻寬是衡量主處理器與記憶體晶片間數據傳輸速度的重要指標,對需要大量數據處理的人工智能工作負載尤為關鍵。

投資銀行傑富瑞估計,新規將記憶體頻寬上限設在每秒1.7至1.8TB,而H20則能達到4TB。廣發證券預測,新GPU將利用GDDR7記憶體技術實現約1.7TB/s頻寬,剛好符合出口管制要求。

編輯評論:英偉達的中國策略與全球科技競爭的縮影

英偉達推出這款針對中國市場的新AI晶片,反映出美國出口管制對全球半導體供應鏈的深遠影響。面對中美科技摩擦,英偉達不得不在技術規格和價格上作出妥協,以維持在中國這個龐大且關鍵市場的存在感。

然而,這種「降級版」策略同時揭示了美國限制政策的雙刃劍效應:一方面限制了先進技術流向中國,另一方面也促使中國本地企業如華為加速技術自主研發,搶占市場份額。英偉達市場份額從95%驟降至50%,就是明顯例證。

此外,新晶片不採用台積電的先進封裝技術,意味著製造複雜度和成本降低,但性能也必然受限,從而影響英偉達在高端AI計算領域的競爭力。這種局面或將使中國AI晶片產業加速崛起,形成更為多元的全球格局。

未來,隨著地緣政治風險加劇,科技巨頭如何平衡市場需求與政策限制,將是觀察全球半導體產業演變的關鍵。英偉達此舉既是應對挑戰的權宜之計,也可能是推動全球供應鏈重組的催化劑。

對香港及全球投資者而言,這場中美科技博弈不僅影響相關企業股價,更將深刻改變人工智能和高性能計算領域的競爭格局,值得持續關注。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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