MIT突破性AI技術預測洪水影響

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麻省理工學院推出革命性AI技術 以衛星影像預測休斯頓洪水影響

由Will O’Brien報導
發佈於2024年11月25日

麻省理工學院(MIT)的研究人員開發了一款突破性的人工智能工具,利用衛星影像來預測未來洪水的影響。這款工具結合了生成式人工智能和基於物理的洪水模型,能夠生成現實的空中圖像,顯示出即將來臨的風暴可能對某些地區造成的洪水影響。

麻省理工學院在休斯頓測試了這項技術,重建了2017年哈維颶風後的城市情況。生成的圖像與實際的衛星圖像進行了比較,並且與未使用物理模型生成的圖像進行了對比。結果顯示,基於物理的圖像更為準確,而僅使用AI生成的圖像則在某些地方顯示了不正確的洪水情況。

這一方法被稱為「地球智能引擎」,其目的是通過提供更好的洪水視覺化來提高公眾的應對能力。MIT地球、大氣和行星科學系的博士後研究員比約恩·呂特延斯(Björn Lütjens)表示:「我們的想法是:未來有一天,我們可以在颶風來臨之前使用這項技術,為公眾提供額外的視覺化層。」MIT媒體實驗室主任達瓦·紐曼(Dava Newman)則強調了在氣候溝通中超本地視角的重要性,這是根據MIT新聞報導的內容。

這項研究建立在麻省理工學院之前利用生成式AI可視化未來氣候情境的工作基礎上。它使用了一種條件生成對抗網絡(GAN),兩個神經網絡協同工作,創建與實際衛星照片非常相似的合成圖像。技術的準確性至關重要,因為不正確的圖像或稱為「幻覺」的情況可能會在關鍵情況下誤導觀眾。呂特延斯在同一報導中解釋了結合AI與物理模型的研究背後的思考:「我們在想:如何在氣候影響的情境中使用這些生成式AI模型,而擁有可靠數據來源是如此重要?」

研究人員已將他們的「地球智能引擎」上線,供測試和進一步開發。他們的研究成果已發表於《IEEE地球科學與遙感交易》期刊中,並包括麻省理工學院的呂特延斯、布蘭登·列什欽斯基(Brandon Leshchinskiy)、阿魯納·桑卡拉納亞南(Aruna Sankaranarayanan)及其他合作者的貢獻,這在MIT新聞報導中有所提及。

這項技術的推出無疑是對氣候變化應對策略的一次重要突破,尤其是在洪水預測方面。隨著氣候變化的影響愈加明顯,這種基於數據的視覺化工具不僅能提高公眾的警覺性,還能幫助政府和相關機構更有效地制定應對計劃。未來,若能與地方政府合作,將這些技術實際應用於災難管理中,將有助於減少人員傷亡和財產損失。此外,這也凸顯了科技在環境保護中的重要角色,未來或許能成為氣候行動的一個重要組成部分。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。而圖片則由FLUX根據內容自動生成。

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