Google科學家Michel Devoret奪2025諾貝爾物理獎!

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Google量子AI硬件首席科學家Michel Devoret榮獲2025年諾貝爾物理學獎

2025年10月7日 — Google今日宣布,旗下量子AI團隊的量子硬件首席科學家Michel Devoret與前硬件主管John Martinis,以及加州大學伯克利分校的John Clarke,共同獲得2025年諾貝爾物理學獎,以表彰他們在宏觀量子效應領域的開創性研究,為現代超導量子比特(qubit)基礎的量子計算奠定了理論與實驗基礎。

Google量子AI團隊負責人Hartmut Neven表示,團隊為Michel和John的傑出成就感到無比驕傲,這亦是Google近兩年內第三位諾貝爾獎得主,使Google及其校友的諾貝爾獎得主人數達到五位,繼2024年獲獎的Demis Hassabis、John Jumper與Geoff Hinton之後再添新猷。

宏觀尺度上的量子力學實驗突破

這個獎項所肯定的是1980年代一系列精密實驗,這些實驗對物理學與科技產生了革命性影響。Michel Devoret、John Martinis和John Clarke成功證明了量子力學那些令人匪夷所思、過往只被認為只存在於原子及次原子粒子的規律,竟然可以在宏觀的電路晶片中被觀察及操控。他們利用一種稱為約瑟夫森結(Josephson Junction)的超導電路元件,創造出無電阻的超導電路,從而實現量子現象的生成與控制。

超導量子計算的基石

對Google量子AI團隊而言,這個諾貝爾獎不僅是對歷史科學成果的肯定,更是對他們現時超導量子計算研究基礎的嘉許。約瑟夫森結正是當今超導量子比特的核心元件,包括Google Quantum AI正在研發的量子晶片。Michel和John的研究成果推動了Google去年推出的突破性Willow量子晶片,以及2019年團隊首次證明量子計算機能完成傳統計算機無法完成的基準計算。這些發現持續指引著團隊向前發展,實現解決傳統計算無法應對問題的使命。

這個獎項不僅是對得主個人成就的高度肯定,更彰顯了基礎科學研究的持久影響力。數十年後,他們的發現仍激勵著我們開拓下一個計算時代。

編者評論:

Michel Devoret及其團隊的工作,正是在量子科技從理論走向實用上的關鍵橋樑。過往量子現象被視為只存在於微觀世界的「奇異現象」,但他們成功將這些現象帶到宏觀尺度,並且能夠加以控制和利用,這不僅推動了量子計算機的發展,更開啟了量子技術在感測、通訊和材料科學等多個領域的應用潛力。

在香港及全球科技發展的背景下,這種基礎科學與應用技術的結合,提醒我們投資於基礎研究的重要性。科技創新不應只著眼於短期商業利益,長遠來看,正是這些看似抽象的基礎研究,才能引領突破性的技術革命。

此外,Google作為一家科技巨頭,持續吸引和培養諾貝爾級別的科學家,反映了企業在科學研發上的雄心與實力。這也提示本地及區域的創新生態系統,如何建立更具吸引力的研究環境,促使更多頂尖人才留港、來港發展,推動香港在量子科技及前沿科學領域的競爭力。

總括而言,這項諾貝爾獎不僅是對個人榮譽的肯定,更是全球量子科技發展路上的一個重要里程碑,值得我們深思如何借鑑這種科研精神,推動本地科技與產業創新。

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