Fitch調升PulteGroup展望至正面




惠譽調升PulteGroup長期違約評級展望至正面,評級維持BBB+

評級機構惠譽(Fitch Ratings)於星期二宣布,將美國大型住宅建築商PulteGroup(NYSE: PHM)的長期發行人違約評級(IDR)展望由「穩定」調升至「正面」,同時確認其IDR評級為「BBB+」。此外,惠譽亦維持該公司高級無擔保債券及循環信貸額度的「BBB+」評級不變。

成功推行輕資產策略,提升現金流穩定性

惠譽指出,此次展望調升主要反映PulteGroup成功執行「輕資產」策略,令其持有土地存量下降,從而帶來更穩定的營運現金流。該公司在惠譽覆蓋的住宅建築商中,EBITDA利潤率一直維持於高位,同時展現出低槓桿及優異的財務彈性。

惠譽表示,若PulteGroup持續保持低槓桿水平,並進一步縮減自有土地比例,有望被升級至「A-」評級。升級亦取決於公司能否在保持高利潤率和資本運用紀律的前提下,增加以選擇權方式控管的土地比例。

穩健的財務指標支持現有評級

截至2025年3月31日,PulteGroup的淨負債佔資本比率為5.5%,惠譽預計未來數年該比率將保持低於10%。公司2025及2026年底的EBITDA槓桿率預計約為0.6倍,較2025年3月31日止十二個月的0.5倍略有上升,但仍屬健康水平。

作為美國第三大住宅建築商,PulteGroup於截至2025年3月31日的十二個月內交付約30,700套住宅,業務遍及24個州超過45個市場。其市場組合均衡,約40%住宅交付給首次購房者,38%為升級型買家,22%為活躍成人客戶。

現金流穩健,積極回購股票

惠譽預計PulteGroup於2025年可產生13.5億至14.5億美元的營運現金流,並在2026年達至佔房屋建造收入9%-10%的現金流比例。公司每股派息0.22美元,年現金流出約1.7億美元。評級機構認為,PulteGroup將持續將自由現金流約12億美元用於股票回購,同時維持現有負債水平。

儘管面臨行業壓力,利潤率仍然領先

儘管行業面臨挑戰,PulteGroup的EBITDA利潤率依然是惠譽所評住宅建築商中最高之一。惠譽預計2025年利潤率將下降250至300個基點,2026年再下跌100至150個基點,分別維持在17.5%-18.5%及16.5%-17.5%的區間。

截至2025年3月31日,公司控制約244,000塊土地,其中41%為自有,59%為選擇權控管。PulteGroup目標將選擇權控管土地比例提升至70%。根據過去12個月的交付量,公司擁有約8年土地供應,當中自有土地供應約3.3年。

市場展望及收入預測

惠譽預計,由於房屋負擔能力和經濟因素的制約,美國住房市場將於2025年持續受壓。PulteGroup的收入預計2025年將下跌5%-6%,2026年則有望回升1.5%-2.5%。

評論與啟示:

惠譽對PulteGroup展望的調升,反映出該公司在多變且充滿挑戰的住宅市場中,成功透過策略轉型實現財務健康與現金流穩定。輕資產策略的推行不僅降低了資產負擔,也提升了營運靈活性,這對於住宅建築行業這類高度受經濟週期影響的企業尤為重要。

值得注意的是,公司積極管理土地庫存結構,增加選擇權控管土地比例,這有助於在市場波動時靈活調整供應量,降低資金佔用和風險。這種策略的成功執行,為其他同業提供了寶貴的參考範例。

不過,面對未來利潤率可能的下滑和市場需求的不確定性,PulteGroup仍需持續保持嚴格的成本控制和資本運用紀律。同時,如何在保護股東回報(如穩定派息及股票回購)與保持財務彈性之間取得平衡,將是其未來能否獲得更高評級的關鍵。

總結來說,PulteGroup的案例顯示,住宅建築商在經濟環境不確定時,透過策略調整和財務管理提升競爭力,既能穩健渡過周期,也為股東創造價值,值得業內外人士關注和借鑒。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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