FDA擬叫停Sarepta基因療法Elevidys出貨!患者死亡疑慮升溫




美國FDA擬要求Sarepta Therapeutics自願停止基因療法Elevidys運輸

路透社報道,美國食品及藥物管理局(FDA)計劃要求Sarepta Therapeutics自願停止所有基因療法Elevidys的運輸,一名知情人士周五透露。受此消息影響,Sarepta股價收市跌36%,報14.08美元,盤中一度暴跌超過40%,創下逾九年新低,股價曾短暫停牌,開盤亦大幅低開,原因是公司披露與其基因療法相關的第三宗患者死亡事件。

公司發言人表示,尚未收到FDA的正式請求。

自今年早些時候兩名接受Elevidys治療的少年患者死亡後,FDA對Sarepta的監管力度明顯加強。Elevidys是美國批准用於治療杜氏肌肉萎縮症(Duchenne muscular dystrophy,DMD)這種肌肉萎縮病症的基因療法。

周五稍早,Sarepta披露第三名患者死亡消息,該患者為一名51歲患有肢帶型肌肉萎縮症(limb-girdle muscular dystrophy)的男子,接受了其實驗性基因療法SRP-9004。與之前兩名少年患者相似,該患者死於急性肝功能衰竭,且無法自行行走。Sarepta早在六月已停止向無法行走的患者運送杜氏肌肉萎縮症療法Elevidys。

華爾街分析師指出,第三宗死亡事件可能加劇患者對Elevidys的使用猶豫,因為這兩種基因療法均採用相同的載體技術——腺相關病毒載體(adeno-associated virus vector)。

Elevidys於2024年獲得傳統批准,用於4歲及以上且能行走的患者,同時獲得加速批准用於無法行走的患者,儘管該療法在晚期臨床試驗中未達主要療效目標。當時FDA內部曾有員工建議不批准,但患者群體支持該療法,前FDA基因療法及生物製劑部門負責人Peter Marks給予批准。然而,Marks於今年3月被迫離職,另一基因療法負責人Nicole Verdun亦於上月離開。

患者團體對Elevidys的最新發展表示關注。非牟利組織CureDuchenne創辦人兼CEO Debra Miller說:「杜氏肌肉萎縮症患者家庭正在面對失望、對接受治療患者嚴重肝衰竭的擔憂,以及對自己或子女選擇的未來充滿不確定。」

Sarepta於周三表示,正與FDA合作,將有關肝毒性安全風險的警示標籤加入Elevidys包裝,知情人士透露此變更仍在進行中。

周五早些時候,FDA專員Marty Makary向彭博社表示,他正「嚴格審視」Sarepta的基因療法是否應繼續上市。

知情人士向路透透露,Sarepta可能「很快失去」其基因療法平台技術SRP-9003獲得的FDA專屬地位。該地位允許該技術用於多種新藥開發。Sarepta計劃於今年稍後向FDA提交SRP-9003的臨床數據。

管理層信譽受質疑

在周五的投資者電話會議上,分析師質疑為何公司未在周三宣布裁員及肢帶型肌肉萎縮症基因療法計劃削減的同時披露第三名患者死亡。CEO Doug Ingram表示,此事「既非重大,也非當日重點」,當時重點在於公司重組。他強調終止肢帶型肌肉萎縮症基因療法研究是獨立於患者死亡事件的決定。

公司重申肝臟問題並非研究中新的安全信號,並重申停擺計劃是因財務考量。然而,包括BMO資本市場在內的部分分析師警告,Sarepta在披露上的處理可能損害管理層的信譽。

至少兩名分析師詢問Sarepta基因療法項目是否還有其他死亡事件,公司表示不知情除已披露的三例以外有其他死亡。

Ingram表示:「若Elevidys的風險狀況有變,我們會首先與醫生及患者分享,當然也會告知投資者。」

評論與深入分析

Sarepta的基因療法Elevidys本是杜氏肌肉萎縮症患者的希望,但接連的患者死亡事件暴露了該療法潛在的嚴重安全風險,尤其是肝毒性問題。FDA的加強監管及要求停止運輸,反映監管機構對基因療法安全性的嚴格把關,亦提醒醫療行業基因治療仍處於風險與收益平衡的微妙階段。

管理層在危機公關上的失當,特別是未能及時披露患者死亡消息,嚴重影響了投資者和患者的信心。透明度對於高風險療法的企業尤為重要,隱瞞或延遲信息只會加劇外界的不信任,甚至影響公司未來的研發和市場准入。

此外,Elevidys未能在晚期試驗中達到主要療效目標,卻仍獲得批准,暴露出患者需求與監管決策之間的矛盾。這種「患者支持驅動的批准」模式,雖然在短期內為患者帶來選擇,但也可能埋下長遠的安全隱患。

對香港及全球患者來說,這提醒我們在追求新療法時,必須謹慎考慮風險,並密切關注監管動向。對投資者而言,基因療法領域雖有巨大潛力,但同時伴隨高波動性和不確定性,投資決策需格外謹慎。

整體而言,Sarepta事件是基因療法行業一個重要的警鐘,促使各方重新審視安全標準、監管流程及企業透明度,這將是未來生物醫藥發展不可忽視的課題。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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