Clorox控告Cognizant員工輕易洩密助駭客入侵




Clorox控告Cognizant IT員工輕易洩露密碼,導致2023年網絡攻擊損失逾3.8億美元

美國漂白水製造商Clorox於周二宣布,已就2023年遭受的嚴重網絡攻擊,向資訊科技服務供應商Cognizant提起訴訟,指控駭客透過直接向Cognizant員工索取密碼,從而入侵系統。

Clorox是今年8月遭受名為Scattered Spider駭客組織攻擊的多家大型企業之一。該組織專門利用詐騙手法,誘使IT支援人員交出登入憑證,然後利用這些憑證進行勒索。雖然Scattered Spider經常被描述為手法高明且頑強,但Clorox在加州法院提出的訴狀中直指,駭客竟然只是透過反覆「問密碼」的簡單手段,成功竊取員工登入資料。

訴狀內容透露:「Cognizant並非被什麼複雜詭計或高端駭客技術所騙,駭客只是打電話到Cognizant服務台,要求取得Clorox網絡的登入憑證,Cognizant就直接交出來了。」

對此,Cognizant透過電郵回應,強調自己並未負責Clorox的網絡安全,只是被聘請提供有限的幫助台服務。他們表示:「Clorox試圖將所有錯誤推卸給我們,但事實是Clorox聘用Cognizant的服務範圍有限,而我們也合理地履行了職責。」

訴訟中附有三段部分通話紀錄,顯示駭客與Cognizant支援人員的對話,駭客要求重置密碼,支援人員未有核實對方身份(例如查詢員工編號或主管姓名)便照單全收。駭客在其中一次通話說:「我沒有密碼,無法登入。」支援人員則回應:「明白,讓我幫你提供密碼,好嗎?」

資深社交工程安全專家Maxie Reynolds(非本案當事人)指出,駭客的手法並非複雜,而是用「通常有效」的方式行事。她認為,要全面評估事件需要完整的通話紀錄,但若真只是直接問密碼就能成功,這已非社交工程技巧,而屬於工作人員的疏忽和職責未盡。

此次駭客事件令Clorox損失高達3.8億美元,其中約5,000萬美元用於修復系統,餘下則是因為無法向零售商出貨而造成的損失。Clorox指控Cognizant員工在事件後續處理中表現不力,包括未能停用相關帳號及未妥善恢復數據,進一步加劇損失。

評論與啟示

今次事件暴露出企業在數碼安全管理上的重大漏洞,尤其是依賴第三方IT供應商時的風險管理不足。Cognizant作為專業IT服務商,卻未能有效執行基本的身份驗證程序,令人質疑其內部培訓和安全意識是否跟得上現今網絡威脅的複雜度。更值得注意的是,這場攻擊並非依靠高端技術,而是利用人為疏忽,提醒企業防範社交工程攻擊必須從員工的培訓和嚴格流程入手。

對香港及全球企業來說,這起案件是一個警示:無論科技多先進,最薄弱的環節往往是「人」。企業應該加強多重身份驗證機制,並嚴格限制敏感資料的存取權限。同時,對IT外判服務的監管和合約條款也需更嚴謹,確保供應商在安全事件中負起應有責任。

最後,Clorox與Cognizant的糾紛也凸顯了企業在數據安全事件中責任劃分的模糊地帶。隨著外判服務日益普及,明確界定各方責任與義務,並建立快速應對機制,是減少類似災難再次發生的關鍵。這場訴訟不僅是法律爭議,更是企業資訊安全治理的深刻教訓。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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