‘房子沒事,但門卡住了’:AWS故障顯示加密貨幣的弱點
最近,亞馬遜網絡服務(AWS)的故障導致多個主要的加密貨幣和金融科技平台,包括Coinbase、Robinhood、MetaMask和Venmo,無法運作,這再次引發了對Web3去中心化程度的討論。
雖然區塊鏈持續無間斷地生成區塊,但數百萬用戶卻無法訪問錢包、交易所和去中心化應用(DApps),因為它們的界面和應用程式介面(APIs)都是托管在中心化的伺服器上。
Bitget Wallet的首席營銷官Jamie Elkaleh告訴Cointelegraph:“去中心化在帳本層面取得了成功,但在基礎設施層面尚未實現。”他表示,真正的韌性需要超越大型雲服務商,轉向社區驅動和分散的網絡。
Elkaleh補充說,完全的去中心化“在目前的規模下還不可行”,因為大多數團隊依賴AWS、Google Cloud和Azure等大型雲服務商來確保合規性、速度和正常運行。他認為,實際的目標應該是“可信的多主機”基礎設施,將工作負載分散到雲端和去中心化網絡上,以避免單點故障。
他指出,雲服務提供商提供了可擴展性和安全性,但也帶來了集中風險。“如果某個地區或提供商出現故障,數百個應用程序都會受到影響,”他說。混合系統,即將雲端與去中心化存儲和社區運營的節點相結合,是下一步的邏輯選擇。
用戶被鎖在正常運行的區塊鏈之外
EthStorage和QuarkChain的共同創始人Anthurine Xiang表示,這次故障證明了“即使在Web3中,許多服務仍然高度依賴中心化基礎設施”。
她解釋說,真正的去中心化需要重新設計每一層,從存儲到訪問,確保沒有單一提供商能夠使系統下線。“就像房子沒事,但門卡住了一樣,”Xiang描述了用戶如何被鎖在正常運行的區塊鏈之外。
這次故障始於星期一,持續了大約15小時。故障導致Coinbase的應用程序和Base網絡崩潰,用戶無法登錄或進行交易,而Robinhood的交易者則報告了延遲和API故障。
MetaMask也受到影響,用戶報告說他們的錢包顯示零餘額。“他們的資產是安全的,但負責檢索餘額數據的服務已經下線,”Xiang解釋說,並指出這並不是區塊鏈本身的技術故障。
同時,Vanar Blockchain的首席執行官Jawad Ashraf批評加密行業“都在同一伺服器上運行”。他聲稱,大約70%的以太坊節點都是由AWS、Google或Microsoft托管的。“我們只是在支付三個不同的房東,而不是一個,”他說。
他補充說,建立完全去中心化的系統是可能的,但“大多數團隊不會在短期內這樣做”,因為這比在AWS上啟動要慢且複雜得多。
一次警鐘
Elkaleh表示,這次故障應該加速對去中心化雲、存儲和計算網絡的投資,如Akash、Filecoin、Arweave等。他呼籲Web3的建設者採用混合模型,將傳統的可靠性與分散的冗餘相結合。
“每一次重大故障都是一次警鐘,”他說。“Web3的未來不會由代幣的去中心化程度來定義,而是由基礎設施的真正分散程度來決定。”
這次事件讓我們再次思考加密貨幣和區塊鏈技術的基礎設施問題。雖然區塊鏈技術本身具備去中心化的特性,但其周邊的應用和服務仍然過度依賴於中心化的雲服務。為了實現真正的去中心化,業界需要加快步伐,探索更為分散的解決方案,這不僅是技術上的挑戰,更是對整個行業未來的考驗。
以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。而圖片則由FLUX根據內容自動生成。
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