印度航空787夢幻客機燃油突被切斷釀空難揭秘

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空中客機駕駛艙錄音揭露:印度航空班機燃料被切斷導致墜機

根據《華爾街日報》周三報道,印度航空一架波音787夢幻客機上月發生墜機事故,駕駛艙錄音顯示機長曾切斷了飛機引擎的燃料供應。印度調查人員於周六公布的初步調查報告中,詳細列出了6月12日事件的時間軸:

– 05:47 GMT(印度標準時間上午11:17):航班AI423由新德里飛抵艾哈邁達巴德,機身編號VT-ANB的夢幻客機著陸。
– 07:48:38 GMT:飛機從機場34號停機位出發。
– 07:55:15 GMT:飛機申請滑行許可,獲得空中交通管制批准,一分鐘後由停機位滑行至23號跑道,經過R4滑行道,回滑並排隊準備起飛。
– 08:02:03 GMT:飛機由地面管制轉交至塔台管制。
– 08:07:33 GMT:獲得起飛許可。
– 08:07:37 GMT:飛機開始滑行。
– 08:08:39 GMT:飛機起飛,報告指飛機的空地感應器轉為空中模式,符合起飛狀態。
– 08:08:42 GMT:飛機達到最高時速180節。隨後,兩台引擎的燃料切斷開關先後從「運行」切換到「切斷」,間隔約1秒。引擎N1和N2轉速開始從起飛值下降,燃料供應被切斷。

駕駛艙錄音中,一名飛行員問另一名為何切斷燃料,對方否認有此操作。機場監控畫面顯示,起飛後飛機的動力氣渦輪(Ram Air Turbine,RAT)即刻啟動,意味著飛機已失去主動力來源。飛機在越過機場圍牆前開始失速下降。

– 08:08:47 GMT:兩台引擎轉速下降至最低空轉速度以下,RAT液壓泵開始供應液壓動力。
– 08:08:52 GMT:引擎1燃料切斷開關恢復至「運行」位置。
– 08:08:56 GMT:引擎2燃料切斷開關亦恢復至「運行」位置。

當飛行中燃料開關由「切斷」轉至「運行」時,雙引擎全權控制系統(FADEC)會自動啟動重新點火及推力恢復程序。引擎1的核心轉速停止下降,反而開始恢復;引擎2雖然重新點火成功,但無法阻止核心轉速持續下降,系統反覆注入燃料嘗試加速恢復。

– 08:09:05 GMT:其中一名飛行員發出「MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY」求救信號。
– 08:09:11 GMT:數據記錄停止。
– 08:14:44 GMT:機場消防車離開機場,展開救援及滅火行動。

編者評論:飛行安全的盲點與人為因素的探討

這次事故顯示,儘管現代飛機配備了多重自動化系統和安全冗餘,飛行員的操作仍然是關鍵環節。錄音揭露疑似有人為誤操作或誤判,切斷了引擎燃料供應,致使飛機在起飛後瞬間失去動力,最終墜毀。這不僅是技術層面的失誤,更牽涉到人員訓練、心理狀態及機組溝通問題。

飛機緊急時啟動RAT液壓泵,雖然為飛機提供了有限的液壓動力,但無法挽救引擎的燃料供應中斷,反映出現代飛機在自動化與人為控制間的微妙平衡。這起事件提醒航空業不僅要依靠科技進步,更要深化對人為因素的理解與管控,加強駕駛員培訓和心理健康管理。

此外,調查報告中對於燃料開關操作的詳細時間點揭示了事故發生的瞬間過程,為未來防範類似事件提供了寶貴數據。航空公司及監管部門應從此案例中汲取教訓,檢視標準操作程序(SOP)及飛行員行為監察機制,提升整體飛安水平。

總結來說,波音787夢幻客機這場悲劇,既是技術故障的警示,也是人為失誤的反思契機。只有技術與人員雙管齊下,航空安全才能真正得到保障。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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