以太坊收益戰爭:ETH的未來如何?




以太坊與收益之戰:ETH的未來何在?

以太坊的質押收益正在下降,因為收益型穩定幣和去中心化金融(DeFi)協議提供了更具競爭力的回報。以太坊能否在收益戰爭中重新奪回主導地位?

**關鍵要點**

* 以太坊的質押收益降至3%以下,落後於許多DeFi和現實世界資產(RWA)協議。
* 像sUSDe和SyrupUSDC等收益型穩定幣現在提供4-6.5%的回報,並迅速獲得市場份額。
* 大多數競爭的收益產品都是基於以太坊構建的,這意味著隨著採用率的上升,仍然可以增強該網絡的價值。

固定收益不再是傳統金融的專利。鏈上收益已成為加密貨幣的核心支柱,而以太坊作為最大的質押區塊鏈,正位於中心。其經濟依賴用戶鎖定他們的ETH以幫助保護網絡,並因此獲得收益。

然而,以太坊並不是唯一的選擇。如今,加密貨幣用戶可以接觸到越來越多的收益型產品,其中一些直接與以太坊的質押回報競爭,這可能削弱該區塊鏈的地位。收益型穩定幣提供了更大的靈活性和接觸傳統金融的機會,其回報與美國國債和合成策略掛鉤。

同時,DeFi借貸協議擴展了可供存款者使用的資產範圍和風險配置。這兩者通常提供比以太坊質押更高的收益,提出了一個關鍵問題:以太坊是否正在悄然失去收益戰鬥?

以太坊質押收益下降

以太坊的質押收益是驗證者為保護網絡而獲得的回報。這來自兩個來源:共識獎勵和執行層獎勵。

共識獎勵由協議發放,取決於質押的ETH總量。隨著網絡上質押的ETH越多,每個驗證者的獎勵就越低,這是設計使然。這一公式遵循反平方根曲線,確保隨著更多資本進入系統,回報逐漸減少。執行層獎勵包括優先費用(用戶支付的費用以將其交易納入區塊)和MEV(最大可提取價值),這是從優化交易排序中獲得的額外利潤。這些額外的獎勵根據網絡使用情況和驗證者的策略波動。

自2022年9月的合併以來,以太坊的質押收益逐漸下降。從高峰時期的約5.3%下降到現在的3%以下,反映了質押的ETH總量上升和網絡的成熟。實際上,現在有超過3500萬ETH(占其總供應的28%)被質押。

然而,完整的質押收益僅對單獨驗證者可用——即運行自己節點並鎖定32 ETH的驗證者。雖然他們保留100%的獎勵,但也承擔著保持在線、維護硬件和避免罰款的責任。大多數用戶選擇更方便的選擇,例如像Lido這樣的流動質押協議或交易所提供的保管服務。這些平台簡化了訪問,但收取費用——通常在10%到25%之間,進一步減少用戶最終獲得的收益。

收益型穩定幣獲得市場份額

收益型穩定幣讓用戶持有與美元掛鉤的資產,同時賺取被動收入,通常來自美國國債或合成策略。與傳統的穩定幣(如USDC或USDT)不同,這些新工具分配其基礎回報的一部分給用戶。

五大收益型穩定幣——sUSDe、sUSDS、SyrupUSDC、USDY和OUSG——佔據了114億美元市場的70%以上,並使用不同的方法來產生收益。

由Ethena發行的sUSDe依賴於涉及ETH衍生品和質押獎勵的合成delta中性策略。它在加密市場中提供了一些最高的收益,歷史利率範圍從10%到25%年利率。雖然當前收益已降至約6%,但sUSDe仍然超過大多數競爭對手,儘管由於其複雜的市場依賴策略而伴隨著較高的風險。

sUSDS由Reflexer和Sky(前MakerDAO)開發,基於sDAI和RWA(代幣化的現實世界資產)。其收益較為保守,目前為4.5%,專注於去中心化和風險緩解。

由Maple Finance發行的SyrupUSDC通過代幣化的國債和MEV策略來路由收益。它在推出時提供了兩位數的回報,但現在的收益為6.5%,仍然高於大多數集中式替代品。

USDY由Ondo Finance發行,代幣化短期國債,提供4.3%的收益,針對具有監管、低風險特徵的機構用戶。OUSG同樣來自Ondo,基於BlackRock的短期國債ETF,提供約4%的收益,並要求完整的KYC和強大的合規性。

收益型穩定幣迅速獲得市場關注,結合了美元的穩定性和曾經僅限於機構的收益機會。該行業在過去一年增長了235%,隨著對鏈上固定收益的需求不斷增加,顯示出沒有放緩的跡象。

DeFi借貸仍然以以太坊為中心

去中心化借貸平台如Aave、Compound和Morpho允許用戶通過向借貸池提供加密資產來賺取收益。這些協議根據供需算法設置利率。當借貸需求上升時,利率也會上升,使DeFi借貸收益更加動態,且通常與傳統市場無關聯。

Chainlink DeFi收益指數跟蹤主要平台的平均借貸回報,顯示穩定幣借貸利率通常在USDC約5%和USDT約3.8%之間。利率在牛市或投機熱潮期間(如2024年2月至3月和11月至12月)往往會激增,當時借貸需求飆升。

與根據中央銀行政策和信用風險調整利率的銀行相比,DeFi借貸是市場驅動的。這為更高的回報創造了機會,但也使貸款人面臨獨特的風險,如智能合約漏洞、預言機失效、價格操縱和流動性危機。

然而,矛盾的是,許多這些產品本身都是基於以太坊構建的。收益型穩定幣、代幣化國債和DeFi借貸協議在很大程度上依賴於以太坊的基礎設施,並在某些情況下將ETH直接納入其收益策略中。

以太坊仍然是傳統和加密原生金融參與者中最受信任的區塊鏈,並且在承載DeFi和RWA方面持續領先。隨著這些領域的採用增加,它們推動了網絡使用量的上升,提升了交易費用,並間接增強了ETH的長期價值。在這個意義上,以太坊可能並不是在失去收益戰鬥——它可能只是以不同的方式贏得了這場戰鬥。

這篇文章不包含投資建議或推薦。每一項投資和交易行為都涉及風險,讀者在做出決策時應進行自己的研究。

在這篇文章中,我們看到以太坊面臨著來自收益型穩定幣和DeFi協議的激烈競爭,這不僅是對其質押收益的挑戰,也是對其整體生態系統的考驗。這樣的競爭促使以太坊必須不斷創新和適應,以維持其在加密市場中的領導地位。未來,隨著更多用戶和資本的流入,這種競爭可能會進一步加劇,促使以太坊在技術和產品上進行更深層次的變革。

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- Negative Prompt: cartoon, 3d render, cgi,a low poly, painting, drawing, sketch, anime, deformed, bad anatomy, mutated hands, extra limbs, low quality, blurry, artifacts, plastic skin, out of frame, out of focus, wrong spelling, rumble letters, missing letter, blurry letter, blurry face, lowres, pixelated, jpeg artifacts, repeated face and repeated word. {
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"subject": {
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"angle": "Full-body editorial portrait captured at a cinematic 3/4 angle, both Cleopatra and the horse positioned diagonally, rendered in ultra-crisp clarity with no blur.",
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"body_position": "She is riding a majestic white horse, seated confidently with impeccable royal posture, her torso slightly turned to a 3/4 angle to emphasize grace and dominance.",
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"outfit": "An opulent, ultra-bongga Cleopatra couture gown in pristine white and radiant gold. The gown features a sculpted corset bodice richly embroidered with gold hieroglyphic motifs, sun-disk patterns, and crystal beadwork. Flowing white silk, chiffon, and sheer organza panels cascade dramatically from the waist and shoulders, creating powerful movement as she rides. A daring thigh-high slit reveals her leg, balancing sensuality with imperial elegance. Every seam is traced with gold-thread embroidery for a luminous, goddess-like silhouette.",
"accessories": "She wears the exact Cleopatra headpiece from the attached reference image: a regal black-and-gold striped nemes-style headdress with a polished gold cobra (uraeus) centerpiece at the forehead, structured side panels, and intricate gold detailing. Paired with a wide Egyptian collar necklace with turquoise accents, engraved gold arm cuffs, crystal finger rings, an ornate gold waist belt, delicate anklets, and elegant flat Egyptian sandals.",
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},

"lighting": {
"type": "Cinematic natural golden-hour lighting with soft reflective highlights.",
"effect": "Warm sunlight intensifies the white-and-gold palette, ignites the vibrant eye makeup colors and ink details, and illuminates the horse’s coat, creating a radiant, divine, editorial glow."
},

"camera": {
"camera_type": "DSLR",
"resolution": "8K UHD",
"lens": "50mm prime lens",
"aperture": "f/8 for maximum sharpness across subject and background",
"iso": 100,
"shutter_speed": "1/250s to freeze motion while maintaining realism",
"focus": "Extreme sharp focus from foreground to background, no bokeh, no blur"
},

"style": "High-fashion editorial, cinematic realism, divine Egyptian royalty, white-and-gold couture contrasted with vibrant ceremonial eye art, powerful, sensual, ultra-detailed, sharp, majestic"
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