馬魯蒂鈷礦短缺 三分二電動車產量大減




印度Maruti Suzuki因稀土金屬短缺大幅削減首款電動車e-Vitara短期產量目標

印度新德里 — 印度最大汽車製造商Maruti Suzuki因稀土金屬供應短缺,將其首款電動車e-Vitara的短期生產目標削減了三分之二,這反映出中國對稀土出口限制對全球汽車業造成的供應鏈干擾。根據路透社取得的內部文件顯示,Maruti Suzuki原計劃於今年4月至9月期間生產約26,500輛e-Vitara,現已將目標降至約8,200輛。

文件指出,稀土材料供應受限,這些材料對製造電動車磁鐵及其他高科技產業零件至關重要。儘管如此,Maruti仍計劃通過下半年增加生產,實現截至2026年3月底的年度67,000輛電動車生產目標。

中國限制部分稀土出口已對全球汽車產業造成震盪,令多家車企警告供應鏈將面臨嚴重困難。美國、歐洲和日本部分企業已獲得中國發出的出口許可,供應情況有所緩解,但印度仍在等待中國批准,擔憂可能影響產量。

e-Vitara於今年1月印度車展亮相,是Maruti推動電動車策略的關鍵產品,符合印度政府希望到2030年電動車銷售佔比提升至30%的目標(去年僅約2.5%)。這款車對母公司鈴木汽車也至關重要,因印度是鈴木最大的營收市場及全球電動車生產基地。大部分印度製造的e-Vitara預計於2025年夏季出口至歐洲和日本等主要市場。

雖然Maruti上周對媒體表示稀土問題暫未對e-Vitara上市時間表造成「實質性影響」,董事長RC Bhargava也表示目前生產沒有受影響,但內部文件和供應鏈消息均顯示短期內生產將大幅縮減。

目前Maruti尚未開啟e-Vitara預訂,部分分析師警告該公司在印度這個全球第三大汽車市場推出電動車已經較晚,尤其當特斯拉預計今年也會在印度開始銷售。

根據文件,原計劃(計劃A)於本財年上半年(4月至9月)生產26,512輛e-Vitara,現修訂計劃(計劃B)僅生產8,221輛,削減比例約三分之二。下半年(10月至2026年3月)則計劃大幅提升產量至58,728輛,日均最高達440輛,較原目標40,437輛大幅增加。

兩位供應鏈消息人士也證實,由於稀土磁鐵短缺,Maruti將調整生產計劃,但未透露具體數字。

目前,Maruti正努力收復因Tata Motors和Mahindra & Mahindra推出功能更豐富SUV而失去的市場份額,這兩家公司同時領先印度電動車銷售。Maruti在印度乘用車市場的佔有率已從2020年3月約51%下降至41%。鈴木也將印度的銷售目標從2031年3月前的300萬輛下調至250萬輛,並將電動車型數量從原計劃的六款減至四款,以應對激烈競爭。

評論與啟示:
Maruti Suzuki此次因稀土材料短缺而大幅下調e-Vitara短期產量目標,反映出全球汽車產業對於供應鏈特別是稀土資源的高度依賴,以及中國作為稀土出口大國的戰略影響力。儘管印度是全球重要的汽車製造基地,但在關鍵原材料上仍然高度依賴中國,這暴露了供應鏈的脆弱性。

這事件同時提醒我們,電動車產業的轉型並非僅是技術或市場問題,更是全球資源分配和地緣政治的博弈。印度政府雖然積極推動電動車發展以減低對化石燃料的依賴,但若不能在稀土等關鍵材料的自主供應上取得突破,將難以實現產業目標。

此外,Maruti Suzuki在印度市場面臨的競爭壓力也不容忽視。Tata和Mahindra等本土車企通過推出更具競爭力的電動SUV,已經搶佔了不少市場份額。Maruti遲遲未能全面啟動e-Vitara的預訂,可能會進一步削弱其在印度電動車市場的領先地位。

未來,Maruti及鈴木集團必須加強供應鏈多元化,尋求替代稀土來源,甚至投資回收技術和材料創新,以減少對中國稀土的依賴。同時,積極加快產品推廣和服務網絡建設,才能在快速變化的印度電動車市場中保持競爭力。這對香港及全球汽車行業的觀察者來說,都是值得深思的發展趨勢。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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{
"intro": "Create an ultra realistic 8K UHD DSLR photo based on the attached image as a reference of facial features, maintaining 100% likeness.",

"subject": {
"identity": "A beautiful real human woman portrayed as Cleopatra, seated majestically on her royal Egyptian throne, maintaining 100% likeness to the reference.",
"pose": "Confident, elegant, and seductive seated posture with her back straight and shoulders relaxed. One hand rests authoritatively on the throne’s armrest while firmly holding a ceremonial cobra staff, and the other hand rests sensually on her thigh. Her legs are positioned to subtly reveal the high slit of her gown, radiating queenly dominance, power, and allure.",
"hair": "Long, thick, voluminous hair flowing past her shoulders, colored deep dark brown with a rich natural sheen. The hair is worn loose and sleek with soft natural movement, cascading elegantly down her back and framing her face in a regal manner.",
"makeup": "Bold royal Egyptian glam with highly colorful eye makeup. Her eyes feature layered pigments of turquoise, sapphire blue, emerald green, and molten gold, enhanced with dramatic black ink-style Egyptian eyeliner extending boldly beyond the outer corners in graphic, calligraphic strokes. Metallic accents and micro-shimmer highlight the inner corners. Skin remains warm, glowing, and luminous with sculpted bronze contours, peachy blush, and radiant highlights. Brows are full, strong, and queenly. Lips are soft nude-peach with a glossy, luminous finish to balance the intense eye look.",
"attire": "An ultra-luxurious, sexy Cleopatra couture gown in pure luminous white. The gown is body-hugging through the bodice and hips, featuring a plunging deep neckline adorned with gold filigree, crystal embellishments, and sacred Egyptian symbols. A dramatic thigh-high slit reveals her leg elegantly. Additional elements include gold-thread embroidery, sculpted drapery, and gemstone accents along the waist and slit. A long, ultra-sheer, lightweight cape made of fine translucent silk chiffon flows from her shoulders, delicately dusted with gold shimmer and subtle hieroglyphic motifs, adding movement and divine softness to her powerful presence.",
"crown": "An extraordinarily grand and opulent Cleopatra headpiece—the ultimate royal Egyptian crown. Crafted from radiant gold, it features a dominant central cobra (uraeus) with emerald and lapis lazuli gemstone eyes, flanked by winged sun disks, lotus engravings, and layered ceremonial plates. The crown rises elegantly with intricate detailing, inlaid gemstones, and divine symmetry, making it unmistakably royal, powerful, and legendary.",
"accessories": "Lavish layers of royal accessories including an oversized beaded broad collar necklace in gold, turquoise, lapis lazuli, and carnelian; stacked gold arm cuffs engraved with hieroglyphs; gemstone-studded bangles; multiple ornate rings; a delicate gold waist chain draped over her hips; and detailed anklets with symbolic charms that enhance her divine queen status.",
"footwear": "Traditional Egyptian royal flat sandals crafted from gold-plated leather with delicate beaded straps, turquoise and lapis inlays, open-toe design, and sacred cobra and lotus motifs."
},

"throne": {
"design": "A massive, ultra-bonggang ancient Egyptian royal throne made of carved gold, obsidian, and polished stone.",
"details": "The throne is richly decorated with winged sun disks, twin cobras, lion-head armrests, lotus and papyrus carvings, and engraved hieroglyphs symbolizing power, eternity, and divine rule. The backrest rises high above her head like a ceremonial monument, inlaid with turquoise, lapis lazuli, and gold leaf patterns. Cushioned with deep ivory and gold-embroidered textiles, the throne radiates absolute authority and unmatched royal luxury."
},

"props": {
"primary": "A ceremonial golden staff topped with a sculpted cobra head, its eyes set with glowing emerald gemstones, symbolizing wisdom, protection, and supreme power.",
"secondary": "Golden jars, papyrus scrolls, gemstone offerings, decorative incense holders emitting thin smoke trails, sacred ceremonial artifacts, and royal insignias placed symmetrically around the throne platform."
},

"background": {
"setting": "A grand Egyptian throne room at night, glowing with warm torchlight and golden illumination.",
"details": "Towering sandstone walls fully carved with hieroglyphics and royal chronicles, monumental lotus and papyrus columns trimmed in gold, statues of Egyptian gods and goddesses standing guard, large braziers casting flickering firelight, patterned gold-and-turquoise stone flooring, and sheer linen curtains gently flowing in the warm desert breeze. Macro-to-micro details are visible throughout, with no blur effect—everything is crisp, sharp, and hyper-detailed."
},

"camera": {
"shot": "Half-body to three-quarter editorial portrait showcasing her throne, flowing white gown with cape, colorful inked eye makeup, crown, and cobra staff.",
"angle": "Eye-level royal perspective emphasizing her dominance, beauty, and divine authority.",
"lens": "85mm portrait lens with ultra-sharp clarity and deep texture definition.",
"lighting": "Cinematic warm golden torchlight combined with subtle shadow sculpting, enhancing gold textures, gemstones, fabric folds, and facial features; no blur effects.",
"quality": "Ultra-sharp, high-contrast, glossy editorial realism with 8K-level detail."
}
} add lotso and hamm 一張年輕東方女性站在戶外木棧道上的全身人像照片。
人物與穿著:
這位女性擁有修長的身材和淺棕色的長直髮,留著齊劉海。
她面帶微笑,表情甜美。頭上戴著一對動物耳朵的髮飾。
上半身穿著一件白色的短版 T 恤/緊身衣(Crop Top),領口較低。
下半身是一條淺藍色的牛仔短裙,裙襬帶有蕾絲邊緣。繫著一條淺棕色的皮帶
腳上穿著一雙露趾的裸色高跟涼鞋。
背景與環境:
她站在一條戶外的深色木質棧道上,左手輕輕扶著旁邊的深色木質欄杆。
背景呈現柔和的散景(景深很淺),可以看到綠色的植物和一些被處理成偏冷藍色調的樹枝或樹葉,營造出一種清新且夢幻的氛圍。
總體而言,這張照片風格清新、甜美,光線柔和,突出了人物的時尚穿搭和外貌。