加拿大皇家銀行獲惠譽評級穩定AA-




惠譽確認加拿大皇家銀行信貸評級穩定,子公司City National Bank獲升級

惠譽評級於2025年6月3日確認加拿大皇家銀行(RBC)及其紐約分行的長短期違約評級分別維持在「AA-」及「F1+」不變。同時,惠譽將RBC旗下子公司City National Bank(CNB)的長期違約評級由「A+」上調至「AA-」,短期評級仍維持「F1+」。所有評級展望均為穩定。

RBC的「AA-」長期評級主要受其獨立信貸評分(Viability Rating,VR)影響。該銀行憑藉穩健的市場地位、謹慎的風險取態、優良的資產質素、超過平均水平的盈利能力、有效的資本管理及多元化的資金來源,獲得良好評價。

作為加拿大最大的銀行,RBC擁有2.2萬億加元的總資產,業務實力評分達「aa-」,高於其隱含評分「a」。RBC憑藉良好聲譽、廣泛的分銷網絡及領先的市場份額,鞏固了其行業地位。此外,RBC是加拿大最大的投資經銷商,在美國及歐洲的資本市場及財富管理領域亦具強大影響力。

RBC的保守風險策略由嚴謹的風險管理架構及審慎的風險偏好支持。其貸款組合中住宅按揭佔比高達48%。儘管受加拿大經濟放緩影響,2025年第二季度的不良貸款比率由去年同期的55個基點升至88個基點,惠譽預計,嚴格的B-20壓力測試、低貸款價值比率、貸款超過80%貸款價值比的強制按揭保險,以及加拿大住房供應結構性緊張,將持續支撐貸款組合的低損失率。

RBC的盈利能力評分為「aa-」,高於隱含「a」評分,反映其穩定的盈利及業務多元化。該行致力於提升現有客戶的產品滲透率,尤其是財富管理領域,並發展存款豐厚的交易銀行業務,預期中期內將推動利潤率提升。

2025年第二季度,RBC的普通股權一級資本比率(CET1)由去年同期的12.8%升至13.2%,主要因收購滙豐加拿大業務所致。惠譽預計,由於貿易政策不確定性帶來的風險變化,RBC的CET1比率在2025財年末仍將維持約13%。

作為加拿大最大銀行,RBC擁有穩固的存款基礎,得力於其廣泛的存款網絡。銀行同時利用多元化的批發資金及優秀的資本市場融資渠道。2025年第二季度,RBC的貸款與客戶存款比率為94.5%,與加拿大同業保持一致。

惠譽未預見短期內有任何因素可提升RBC的長期評級。若CET1比率跌破12%且無可信的資本重建計劃,或資產質素及盈利能力持續結構性惡化,評級將面臨下行壓力。其他可能觸發負面評級壓力的因素包括重大交易損失、對資本產生重大影響的收購但無完善重建計劃,或嚴重的網絡安全或運營事故。

對此評級報告的評論與啟示

惠譽此次維持RBC的長短期評級穩定,並提升其子公司CNB的長期評級,反映出該銀行整體財務狀況及風險管理能力依然穩健。RBC作為加拿大最大銀行,不僅在本土市場佔據主導地位,其在美國及歐洲的資本市場和財富管理業務亦展現出強大競爭力,為未來發展奠定良好基礎。

值得注意的是,RBC的住宅按揭貸款佔比接近一半,這在加拿大房地產市場波動的背景下是一把雙刃劍。儘管惠譽信賴加拿大的嚴格監管和住宅市場結構性供應短缺來降低風險,但若經濟持續放緩或房地產市場出現大幅調整,該部分風險仍不可忽視。投資者應密切關注加拿大宏觀經濟及房市變化對RBC資產質素的影響。

此外,RBC的資本充足率較為穩健,但面對全球貿易政策不確定性及潛在的市場波動,資本管理策略需保持靈活和前瞻性。銀行的多元化收入來源和強勁盈利能力是其抵禦風險的重要保障,但未來如何在變化的監管環境和市場條件下維持這些優勢,將是考驗其管理層的關鍵。

總括而言,惠譽的評級報告給予投資者一個較為正面的信號,表明RBC在加拿大及國際金融市場中仍具強勁競爭力和穩健的風險控制能力。然而,投資者不應忽略宏觀經濟及房地產市場的潛在風險,並應持續關注銀行的資本狀況及盈利質素的變化。這樣的多維度考量,有助於更全面評估RBC的投資價值與風險。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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