美鋼鐵關稅翻倍 韓越鋼企股價大挫

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南韓及越南鋼鐵股受壓 美總統特朗普宣布鋼鋁關稅加倍至50%

南韓及越南的鋼鐵製造商股價週一大幅下跌,因美國總統特朗普宣布將進口鋼鐵及鋁材關稅由25%加倍至50%。這些亞洲國家是美國主要的鋼鐵出口供應者,關稅調升無疑加劇了全球貿易緊張局勢。

特朗普於上周五公布新關稅措施,將於6月4日起生效。消息發布當日,他亦指控中國違反與美國就關鍵礦產互減關稅的協議。業界專家指出,雖然關稅加碼會對主要出口商造成顯著衝擊,但考慮到特朗普政府過往多次調整貿易政策,最終關稅水平可能不會維持過久。

金屬研究機構McCloskey資深分析師Chelsea Ye指出:「特朗普政府頻繁變動的關稅政策帶來極大不確定性……我認為最終影響會比最初預期低得多,尤其是在持續時間方面。」

南韓產業部週一表示,將在與美國的貿易磋商中就50%鋼鐵關稅問題作出回應,以盡量減輕對本地產業的衝擊。根據美國鋼鐵協會數據,南韓去年是美國第四大鋼鐵出口國,僅次於加拿大、墨西哥及巴西。

南韓產業部亦透露,已緊急召開會議,邀請包括POSCO及現代鋼鐵等主要鋼企代表商討應對策略。週一南韓鋼鐵股普遍走弱,POSCO及現代鋼鐵股價分別跌3%,SeAH Steel更下跌6.3%。

越南方面,主要鋼企Hoa Sen Group及Nam Kim Steel分別下跌2.8%及3.4%,越南鋼鐵公司亦下挫2.7%。數據顯示,越南今年首四個月對美鋼鐵出口已下跌27%。

一名不願透露姓名的業界高層向路透表示,美國鋼價上漲未能刺激出口大幅增加,部分原因是出口商避免觸發美方更嚴格審查,關稅加重將成為出口商的負擔。

儘管如此,貿易數據顯示,南韓4月份對美鋼鐵出貨量較去年同期增長12%。特朗普在今年1月重返總統職位後,最早推出的措施之一便是對鋼鋁加徵25%關稅,該稅率於3月12日生效。業界人士表示,關稅推高了美國鋼價,影響家電、汽車和建築等多個行業。

貿易談判持續 南韓尋求關稅豁免

作為美國重要盟友,南韓在與美國的談判中要求鋼鐵、汽車等產品獲得關稅豁免。首爾曾於4月底同意於特朗普對等關稅90天暫停期結束前制定貿易方案,但由於本週將舉行選舉,政治領導層尚未明朗,談判進展受阻。

今年3月底,現代鋼鐵宣布計劃在路易斯安那州投資58億美元興建鋼廠,作為應對美國關稅的策略,但該廠預計要到2029年才會投產。4月,現代鋼鐵的競爭對手POSCO亦簽署初步協議,計劃投資該項目。

印度同樣高度依賴美國鋁材出口,業界警告關稅升高將帶來嚴重打擊。印度礦業聯盟總幹事B.K. Bhatia向路透表示:「這將帶來不利影響,美國是印度鋁材最大市場,政府正積極談判,希望關稅可望下降。」

編輯評論:貿易戰陰霾下的亞洲鋼鐵業前景與策略思考

特朗普政府這波關稅加碼無疑加劇了全球貿易緊張,尤其是對以出口為主的亞洲鋼鐵業構成嚴峻挑戰。南韓及越南鋼企股價下挫反映市場對未來不確定性的擔憂。值得注意的是,南韓鋼鐵業不僅積極尋求與美國談判中的豁免,更透過大手筆海外投資試圖「本地化」生產,減少直接進口關稅壓力,這是產業應對全球貿易壁壘的一種創新策略。

然而,這種策略的長遠成效仍有待觀察。南韓鋼廠在美國的建設計劃拖延至2029年,期間仍須面對關稅及市場波動風險。此外,特朗普政府的貿易政策充滿變數,頻繁調整令企業難以長遠規劃。這種政策不確定性本身已成為全球產業鏈重組的重要推手。

對香港及其他亞洲市場而言,如何在大國貿易爭端中保持靈活應變,是未來經濟發展的關鍵。亞洲鋼鐵業的例子提醒我們,單靠出口導向已難以抵禦外部政策風險,產業多元化及供應鏈本地化將是未來趨勢。投資者亦應密切關注政策走向及企業應對策略,尋找真正具備長遠競爭力的標的。

總括而言,這場關稅戰不僅是數字上的「增稅」,更是全球貿易秩序與產業鏈重塑的催化劑,值得各方持續關注與深入分析。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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— full body or mid-length portrait, shallow depth of field, delicate highlights, softly blurred minimalist background, inviting eyes, tasteful and elegant composition. Generate an ultra-realistic, highly ultra-detailed, 8k resolution with 1080x1080 pixel portrait of me using the uploaded image for reference (preserved the likeness and the original face for reference) of a ultra-sharp studio portrait of a confident woman kneeling on the floor with her body slightly leaning back, her right hand gently touching her hair, and her left arm resting on her bent knee. She is dressed in a sleek, strapless black bodysuit that accentuates her figure, paired with elegant black patterned lace pantyhose that add texture and sophistication. She wears a pair of classic black high heels, elevating her posture and emphasizing her elongated legs. The background is a seamless, pure white studio backdrop, providing a clean and minimalist aesthetic that directs full focus to her form and attire. *** The lighting setup is soft, evenly distributed, with a diffused key light positioned to the left, casting gentle shadows that sculpt her contours and highlight the intricate lace pattern of her tights. The overall color palette is monochromatic, emphasizing blacks and whites to create a timeless, sophisticated mood. The composition is carefully balanced, capturing her from the waist up in a slightly angled pose that accentuates her curves and confidence. Use a professional camera with a 85mm or 50mm lens at wide aperture (f/1.8 to f/2.😎 for a shallow depth of field, ensuring crisp detail on her outfit and pose while softly blurring the background. Post-process minimally to enhance clarity, contrast, and natural skin tones, maintaining a polished, elegant, and modern aesthetic suitable for fashion or editorial photography. Base Setup

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