特朗普禁美企售芯片設計軟件予中國!




特朗普政府下令美企停止向中國半導體設計軟件供應服務

路透社報道,據《金融時報》引述熟悉內情人士透露,特朗普政府已指示美國企業停止向中國團體出售用於半導體設計的軟件服務。這些軟件屬於電子設計自動化(EDA)領域,主要廠商包括Cadence、Synopsys及西門子EDA。

報導稱,美國商務部透過信函通知這些EDA軟件廠商,要求他們停止向中國客戶提供技術支援。商務部發言人拒絕對此信函作出評論,但表示正在審查對中國具有戰略意義的出口,並指出「在某些情況下,商務部已暫停現有出口許可或在審查期間施加額外許可要求」。

消息一出,Cadence股價收市跌幅達10.7%,Synopsys則下跌9.6%。Synopsys行政總裁在與分析師通話時表示,公司尚未收到相關信函,也未收到商務部工業安全局(Bureau of Industry and Security,BIS)的通知。該局負責執行出口管制政策。

他說:「我們知道有關報道和猜測,但Synopsys未收到BIS的通知。因此,我們重申全年指引,反映我們目前對BIS出口限制的理解,以及對中國業務年度下滑的預期。我們沒有收到任何信函。」

收市後,Synopsys再度確認2025年的收入預測,該公司及Cadence股價於盤後交易中反彈約3.5%。西門子EDA尚未對此消息作出回應。

目前尚不清楚政策調整的具體範圍,但若美企被要求停止對中國客戶供應EDA軟件,將對這些廠商的收益帶來衝擊,亦會影響依賴美國頂尖軟件的中國芯片設計企業。

一名前商務部官員指出:「他們(EDA軟件廠商)是真正的瓶頸。」他補充,出口管制EDA工具至中國的規則自首個特朗普政府時期已開始討論,但當時被認為過於激進而未實施。

Synopsys約16%的年度收入來自中國市場,而中國市場佔Cadence約12%的年度收入。Synopsys與Nvidia、高通及英特爾等芯片企業合作,提供設計先進處理器所需的軟硬件技術。

編輯評論與深入分析

這項新措施標誌着美國對中國科技限制的進一步升級,特別是針對半導體行業這個全球科技競爭的核心領域。EDA軟件是芯片設計的關鍵工具,若中方無法獲得這類先進軟件支持,將大幅延緩其芯片研發進程,影響整個產業鏈的自主創新能力。

然而,這種限制也將對美國供應商自身造成負面影響。像Cadence和Synopsys這些公司依賴中國市場帶來的穩定收入,失去這部分業務勢必拖累其財務表現。短期內股價波動反映了市場對這種政策風險的敏感度。

此外,這種出口管制措施可能推動中國加快自主EDA軟件的研發,促使中國打造更加獨立的半導體生態系統。長遠來看,過度依賴外國技術的企業可能面臨被替代的風險。

對香港及全球科技投資者而言,這次政策變動提醒我們,地緣政治風險已成為科技產業不可忽視的因素。投資者在布局半導體相關股票時,需密切關注政策風向及中美科技競爭態勢,謹慎評估潛在影響。

總括而言,美國此舉意在遏制中國科技發展步伐,卻也加劇了全球半導體產業鏈的緊張與不確定性。未來如何在技術創新與國際合作間取得平衡,將是各方面臨的重大挑戰。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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