穆迪下調Telesat信貸評級 瞄準再融資風險




穆迪下調Telesat企業評級,反映再融資風險加劇

穆迪信貸評級公司近日將Telesat Corporation的企業家族評級(CFR)由Caa1下調至Caa2,主要原因是對該公司面臨的再融資風險表示擔憂。此次評級調整涉及約34億美元的已評級債務。

同時,穆迪確認Telesat的Caa2-PD(違約概率)評級不變,並將其投機級流動性評級(SGL)由SGL-1下調至SGL-4。不過,公司整體評級展望維持穩定。

穆迪亦將Telesat主要營運子公司——Telesat Canada的評級下調。其高級有擔保銀行信貸設施及高級有擔保債券評級由B3降至Caa2,而高級無擔保債券評級則由Caa3降至Ca。Telesat Canada的評級展望同樣維持穩定。

穆迪副總裁兼高級信貸主管Peter Adu指出,此次下調反映了該公司2026年到期債務在再融資方面的風險明顯增加。

Telesat被評為Caa2的企業家族評級,主要受多個因素影響,包括由於債券交易價格疲弱,公司持續以折讓價格回購債務的風險,以及債務重組可能性極高。此外,Telesat的地球同步軌道(GEO)衛星業務面臨技術變革及激烈競爭,導致收入和息稅折舊攤銷前利潤(EBITDA)持續下滑,業務風險亦較高。

公司債務與EBITDA比率預計將維持在10倍以上,直至其低地球軌道(LEO)衛星星座項目——Telesat Lightspeed正式投入運營並顯著貢獻EBITDA。Telesat的客戶集中度高且規模較同行偏小,亦是評級偏低的原因之一。不過,該評級亦得益於加拿大政府的支持,政府批准了Telesat Lightspeed項目啟動,以及公司相較同行擁有較強的利潤率。

Telesat Canada的債務主要分為兩類:第一類包括評級為Caa2的19億美元B類定期貸款,將於2026年12月到期;5億美元有擔保票據,2026年12月到期;及4億美元有擔保票據,2027年6月到期。第二類則是評級為Ca的5.5億美元高級無擔保票據,將於2027年10月到期。

截至2026年12月31日,Telesat的流動性狀況較弱,資金來源約為30億加元,而資金需求約為34億加元。流動性來源包括截至2025年3月31日的7.97億加元現金,以及約22億加元的政府剩餘資金。公司目前並無循環信貸設施,因為之前2億加元的循環信貸於2024年12月到期且未獲續約。

穆迪將評級展望維持穩定,反映Telesat Lightspeed項目的啟動預示公司未來前景改善。穩定展望亦基於若公司進行債務重組,債權人回收率會符合穆迪目前評級中所反映的估計。

評級有可能因公司建立可持續資本結構及靈活的債務到期安排而獲得提升。相反,若公司違約或債務重組中債權人回收率低於預期,評級則可能進一步下調。

評論與啟示

穆迪此次下調Telesat評級,清晰反映出衛星通信行業正面臨的結構性挑戰。Telesat的傳統地球同步衛星業務在技術變革和市場競爭中逐漸式微,收入和盈利能力下滑,迫使公司加快低地球軌道衛星的布局以尋求轉型突破。然而,這種轉型的資金需求巨大且充滿不確定性,令市場對其再融資能力充滿疑慮。

加拿大政府的支持為Telesat提供了重要的背書,這在一定程度上緩解了市場的擔憂,但也凸顯了企業在資本市場自我造血能力上的不足。高債務負擔和流動性緊張顯示出Telesat仍處於重塑階段,未來的現金流和債務償還能力將是關鍵。

對投資者而言,Telesat目前的低評級和高風險意味著潛在回報伴隨著較大波動。公司未來能否成功將LEO衛星業務推向市場,並取得穩定收益,是其信用評級和股價表現的主要驅動力。這同時也反映出整個衛星產業從傳統模式向新技術轉型的痛點與機遇。

整體而言,Telesat案例提醒我們,科技創新和市場轉型雖帶來長遠機會,但短期內的財務壓力和風險管理同樣不容忽視。投資者和市場參與者應密切關注企業的資本結構調整及技術進展,從而更好地評估其未來價值與風險。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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