FDA急推AI審批藥物 保障數據引關注

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美國食品藥品監督管理局(FDA)推行全方位AI計劃引發多方疑問

美國FDA正積極推動一項大膽計劃,計劃將生成式人工智能(AI)成為其決策過程的核心工具,目標是加快並精簡審核藥物、食品、醫療器械及診斷測試的流程。

計劃重要性:此舉引發了對於如何保障大量公司專有數據安全的迫切疑問,以及是否已建立足夠的防護措施。

最新動態:FDA官員表示,經過成功的試點後,該局正迅速推行生成式AI於旗下所有中心,以協助員工提升工作效率。

– FDA局長Marty Makary已下令立即部署,所有辦公室須於6月30日前運行統一且安全的系統,與內部數據平台相連。
– 領導此項目的是新任AI主管Jeremy Walsh(前Booz Allen Hamilton首席技術專家)及FDA資深數據主管Sridhar Mantha。
– Makary稱,該技術可將新療法審核時間由「數天縮短至數分鐘」。

大環境背景:特朗普政府推翻拜登時代的AI政策,取消部分監管以追求速度與技術領先,令聯邦政府成為AI技術試驗場。

– 在埃隆·馬斯克推動的「AI優先」策略下,批評者警告多個政府部門的急促AI部署可能危及數據安全、自動化決策並危害美國民眾。
– 例如,總務管理局(GSA)正試行AI聊天機器人自動化例行工作,社會保障局則計劃使用AI軟件轉錄申請人聽證會,GSA表示該工具已開發18個月。

專家意見:多位專家向Axios表示,FDA引入AI是正確方向,但推行速度過快及缺乏細節令人擔憂。

– 前FDA局長Robert Califf指出,FDA內已有多處中心使用AI,但從未有過統一行動,他對此充滿熱情但對時間表保持謹慎。
– FDA合規專家Mike Hinckle認為,製藥業會歡迎能加速藥物上市及控制成本的措施,但關鍵是如何保障其提交的專有數據安全。
– 製藥研究和製造商協會(PhRMA)發言人Andrew Powaleny表示,AI仍在發展中,應以患者為中心採取風險管理策略,對FDA積極利用AI潛力表示肯定。

關鍵疑問:Scripps研究所創始人Eric Topol提醒,應明確說明用於訓練AI的模型種類及其專業微調所用的數據來源。

– 他表示「計劃本身很好,但缺乏細節及急促推行令人憂慮」。

近期消息:Wired報導FDA正與OpenAI洽談一項名為cderGPT的項目,該工具似乎是專為藥物評估中心設計的AI工具。

– 對Axios提問,衛生與公共服務部發言人未證實此消息,但強調該技術非用於取代人類。
– 發言人表示:「Makary局長強調AI是輔助工具,而非取代人類專業知識。負責任使用AI可提升監管嚴謹性,協助預測某些疾病的毒性及不良事件。」

結語:隨著特朗普政府將聯邦機構變成AI試驗場,FDA的快速部署將成為衡量創新與風險平衡的首個重要考驗。

編輯評論:

FDA積極將生成式AI納入藥品與醫療產品審核流程,展現出政府部門對科技創新的高度期待與追求效率的決心。然而,這種「快馬加鞭」的推行策略同時埋下了數據安全與監管風險的隱憂。專有數據的保護不僅關乎企業利益,亦直接關係到患者安全和公眾信任。

在香港及其他地方,我們同樣面對AI在公共服務領域的快速應用,FDA的經驗提醒我們,技術創新不能只追求速度,更應重視透明度、責任制及嚴謹監控。尤其是醫療領域,AI的決策輔助若缺乏足夠的解釋能力和風險管理,可能導致誤判甚至危及生命。

此外,AI模型的訓練數據和調校過程應公開透明,讓外界能監察其偏誤與安全性。FDA若能在推動AI的同時,展示嚴謹的制度設計和持續監督,將為全球政府機構樹立典範;反之,倉促推行則可能帶來更嚴重的後果。

總括而言,FDA的AI計劃是一場技術與監管的博弈,值得我們深思如何在創新與風險間找到最佳平衡點。香港的監管機構亦應借鏡,慎防「科技飛快,監管滯後」的陷阱,確保AI在醫療和公共政策領域的應用既安全又有成效。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。而圖片則由FLUX根據內容自動生成。

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**Enhanced Prompt:**

Two playful cats, one sleek black and one fluffy ginger, are joyfully interacting on a bustling Hong Kong street at sunset. They leap and tumble among vivid neon signs, glowing red lanterns, and traditional market stalls. The scene is bustling with locals and dotted with elements of Hong Kong architecture, such as narrow alleyways, decorative shopfronts, and overhead laundry lines. Warm golden light reflects off the wet cobblestone street, casting dramatic shadows. The atmosphere is lively yet whimsical, capturing the vibrant urban spirit and blending realistic feline anatomy with a touch of enchanting artistry. Rendered in hyper-detailed, cinematic style with rich colors and dynamic composition. Create a photorealistic and highly detailed image featuring the attached image walking confidently down a modern city street, accompanied by Jason Statham, Dwayne “The Rock” Johnson, and Jason Momoa acting as bodyguards.

John Wick (Keanu Reeves) is walking just beside or slightly behind the subject, holding an umbrella over him to shield from light rain.

The subject should be the central figure, wearing stylish casual clothing — like a fitted jacket, dark jeans, and sunglasses — exuding calm authority and cool charisma.

Statham, The Rock, and Momoa are dressed in black tactical-style suits, maintaining alert, protective stances, scanning the surroundings like professional bodyguards. John Wick wears his signature black suit and tie, looking composed as he holds the umbrella.

The setting is a downtown urban street with wet pavement reflecting city lights, parked luxury cars, and paparazzi in the background snapping photos.

The photo should look like a real paparazzi shot — slightly off-angle, mid-step motion blur, with realistic lighting and reflections.

Lighting: natural daylight with overcast skies, reflections from wet concrete, realistic shadows, subtle raindrops on the umbrella and clothing.

Camera realism: crisp detail on facial features and clothing textures, shallow depth of field emphasizing the group, with lens flare or light bloom for authenticity.

Mood & tone: grounded, cinematic, and stylish — feels like a moment from a celebrity entourage photo or action-movie press capture, taken with an iPhone by paparazzi.

Style: ultra-realistic, documentary-style street photography with modern cinematic sharpness. {
  "image_generation_request": {
    "prompt": "Ultra-realistic portrait of a man walking toward the camera on an airport runway at night He wears a white long-sleeve shirt with sleeves rolled up and dress pants, shoes. The camera is very close, capturing his face sharply - textures of skin, smoke from his lips, and subtle reflections of firelight in his eyes. Behind him, slightly out of focus, a commercial airplane is burning intensely, with huge flames, roaring firestorms, and thick black smoke rising high. The fiery glow casts dramatic orange highlights on his shirt and face, creating deep shadows and a gritty, cinematic mood. Wet runway reflects the blaze, enhancing the dramatic atmosphere.",
    "dimensions": {
      "width": 1200,
      "height": 1200
    },
    "style_descriptors": [
      "Cinematic",
      "Photorealistic",
      "Gritty",
      "Dramatic Lighting",
      "Macro Photography",
      "8k resolution"
    ],
    "subject_details": {
      "action": "Walking toward camera, smoking",
      "clothing": "White long-sleeve shirt (rolled sleeves), dress pants, shoes",
      "facial_features": "Sharp focus, skin texture, firelight reflection in eyes"
    },
    "environment_details": {
      "location": "Airport runway at night",
      "background": "Commercial airplane burning, intense fire, thick black smoke, out of focus",
      "ground": "Wet runway, reflecting fire"
    }
  }
}