美國參議員提出法案,要求AI晶片設置定位追蹤以限制中國獲取先進半導體技術
美國一名參議員於星期五提出一項名為《晶片安全法案》的法案,要求商務部規定受出口管制的AI晶片必須具備定位驗證機制,目的是限制中國獲取先進半導體技術。根據法案,所有受出口管制的AI晶片及其所含產品,必須安裝定位追蹤系統,以便監測晶片是否被轉移、走私或遭到未經授權的使用。
來自阿肯色州的共和黨參議員湯姆·科頓表示:「有了這些加強的安全措施,我們可以繼續擴大美國技術的出口,同時不損害國家安全。」
法案還規定,出口AI晶片的企業若發現產品被轉移出原定地點或遭遇篡改企圖,必須向工業安全局(Bureau of Industry and Security)報告。
此舉正值美國總統特朗普日前表示將撤銷並修改拜登政府時期對高端AI晶片出口的限制規定,該規定旨在保護美國在人工智能領域的領導地位,並阻止中國取得相關技術。
另外,來自伊利諾伊州的民主黨眾議員比爾·福斯特也計劃在未來幾周內提出類似法案。
阻止中國獲取可能增強其軍事能力的AI技術,一直是美國立法者的重點關注。近期有報導指出,Nvidia晶片被大規模走私入中國,違反出口管制法,令相關憂慮進一步升溫。
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編輯評論:
這項《晶片安全法案》反映出美國在全球半導體和人工智能技術競爭中的戰略焦慮。透過強制加裝定位追蹤系統,美國試圖在技術出口管控上加入更多「物理層面」的監控,這不僅是法律層面的限制,更是技術與供應鏈安全的結合。這種做法有助於降低晶片被非法轉移或盜用的風險,但同時也引發了供應鏈複雜度和成本的增加。
從更宏觀的角度看,這反映了美中科技冷戰的加劇,尤其是在AI與半導體領域的核心技術競爭。美國對中國的技術封鎖與限制,短期內可能有效,但長遠來看,可能促使中國加快自主研發和供應鏈本土化,最終形成兩個相對獨立的技術生態系統。這對全球產業鏈的穩定性和創新合作帶來挑戰。
此外,法案中要求出口公司主動通報產品被轉移或篡改的規定,對企業的監管合規提出更高要求,也可能引發企業在商業秘密與國家安全之間的平衡難題。整體而言,這類法案加劇了技術出口的政治化,未來的國際科技合作與貿易環境將更加複雜且充滿不確定性。
對香港讀者而言,這提醒我們留意全球科技供應鏈的變化,以及中美科技博弈對本地產業和經濟的潛在影響。面對這些國際局勢,香港企業和技術人才如何調整策略,將是未來成敗的關鍵。
以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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