穆迪降評Wabash:盈利大減,前景負面




穆迪下調Wabash National信貸評級,展望轉為負面

穆迪信貸評級機構近日將Wabash National(紐交所代碼:WNC)的企業家族評級(CFR)由Ba3下調至B1,同時將其違約概率評級從Ba3-PD降至B1-PD,並將其高級無擔保債券評級從B1降至B2。此外,Wabash的投機級流動性評級由SGL-2降至SGL-3,整體展望由穩定調整為負面。

評級下調及負面展望的主要原因是預期Wabash在2025年的盈利將大幅下滑。這主要受制於拖車產量持續下滑,以及美國關稅對新拖車和卡車設備需求的負面影響。關稅政策導致Wabash的客戶延遲投資其運輸車隊,令公司在2025年信用指標大幅惡化,尤其是財務槓桿率顯著上升。

2025年第一季度,與Wabash其中一款產品相關的2024年9月陪審團判決中,懲罰性賠償由4.5億美元減至1.08億美元。Wabash已提出上訴,最終結果時間尚不明朗。若公司需在營運狀況改善前支付該款項,將構成重大風險。

Wabash在波動劇烈的卡車拖車製造市場,尤其是8級商用車領域仍保持強勢地位。預計2025年其收入將至少下跌8%,而2024年已下降超過20%。2025年上半年產量減少將進一步壓縮盈利。關稅不確定性大幅抑制了2025年初市場需求。雖然公司預計會調整成本結構以應對需求下降,但盈利能力將受損,EBITA利潤率預計將從2024年超過5%跌至接近收支平衡。

歷史上,Wabash能透過保守的資產負債表策略,有效應對市場大幅下滑。2023年底其負債與EBITDA比率約為1倍,2024年需求大幅萎縮後槓桿率仍保持低於3倍。但預計2025年隨盈利進一步減弱,負債與EBITDA比率將攀升至約7倍。

市場需求預計在2026年回升,因未來數季新拖車產量將低於替換需求。屆時Wabash財務槓桿有望回落至3倍左右。公司預計能保持充足流動性,反映於其SGL-3投機級流動性評級。截至2025年3月31日,Wabash現金儲備為8100萬美元,並有2.29億美元的循環信貸額度可用(扣除信用證及借貸限制)。

若拖車需求持續改善,且Wabash EBITA利潤率回升至至少7%,再加上流動性充足及信用指標強勁,評級有望獲得上調。反之,若需求及產量持續下滑,盈利惡化無法控制,或需支付遠超流動資金的懲罰性賠償,評級可能進一步下調。

編輯評論:Wabash面對逆風,需謹慎應對風險

穆迪此次下調Wabash的評級,反映出市場對其未來盈利能力及財務穩健性的擔憂。拖車製造業本身受經濟周期及政策影響明顯,美國關稅政策帶來的需求延遲,令Wabash短期內難以擺脫壓力。尤其是高額懲罰性賠償的不確定性,更是潛藏重大財務風險。

然而,Wabash過往能以穩健的資產負債表度過周期低谷,這是其一大優勢。2026年市場需求有望回暖,加上公司調整成本結構,仍有機會恢復盈利能力。投資者應密切關注其流動性狀況及訴訟進展,這將直接影響公司信用及股價表現。

從更廣泛角度看,Wabash的情況提醒企業在面對宏觀政策變動和市場波動時,需保持財務靈活性及風險管理的前瞻性。對於投資者而言,這類周期性行業的公司,適合以中長期視角審慎布局,並留意政策動向及行業基本面變化。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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