力拓毀遺址五年未履約?原住民怒控礦權協議遭欺瞞




力拓未履行五年前對原住民團體的承諾 未更新鐵礦開採協議引發爭議

墨爾本訊 — 澳洲礦業巨頭力拓(Rio Tinto)未有更新與一個原住民團體就其鐵礦開採土地簽訂的協議,未能兌現五年前因炸毀重要原住民文化遺址時所作出的承諾,該團體週四表示。

2020年,力拓為了開採鐵礦,在西澳大利亞州毀掉了有4.6萬年歷史的朱坎峽谷(Juukan Gorge)岩洞,事件引起公眾及投資者強烈譴責,導致政府展開調查,最終促使力拓的行政總裁及董事長下台。當時,力拓承諾改革其商業行為。

羅布河庫魯瑪原住民公司(Robe River Kuruma Aboriginal Corporation)的迪安娜·麥高文(Deanna McGowan)在力拓於珀斯舉行的股東大會上指出,集團土地上的最大鐵礦——Mesa J礦場已運作逾30年。

「你們只付了我們三年錢,」她說。她續指,二十年前力拓與原住民長者談判協議時,當時的高層表示無需將Mesa J礦場納入協議,因為該礦場即將關閉。

「但現在我們已經等了……17年,力拓在Mesa J礦場的付款一直欺騙我們,」她強調。

羅布河庫魯瑪團體的土地不包括朱坎峽谷,但同屬皮爾巴拉(Pilbara)地區。

力拓董事長多米尼克·巴頓(Dominic Barton)表示,公司致力於就麥高文提出的問題達成協議。

「我們希望能夠與你們合作,達成共識和解決方案。我們已經進行過多次對話,會議後也會繼續,對此問題有極強的承諾去解決,」巴頓說。

巴頓在股東大會早些時候提到,力拓與全球超過60個原住民及土地相關團體維持關係。

「其中很多是非常正面的關係,但少數仍存在挑戰,」他說。

在朱坎峽谷事件後的調查發現,過去礦業公司與多個原住民團體的協議限制了他們公開談論文化遺產被破壞的情況,同時也未能給予合理的土地開採權利金。

因此,力拓以及另一批大型礦商如必和必拓(BHP)和福蒂斯庫(Fortescue)承諾更新與原住民團體的土地使用協議。

力拓若未能就此達成協議,恐會影響其生產進度。公司在季度生產報告中提醒,生產指引仍「取決於計劃採礦區域及文化遺產審批的時間」。

編輯評論:

力拓炸毀朱坎峽谷岩洞一事,成為全球企業與原住民權益和文化保護矛盾的典型案例。五年過去,力拓未能兌現承諾更新與原住民的協議,反映出大型跨國礦業公司在面對歷史遺留問題時,依然存在推諉和拖延的態度。

這不僅是企業社會責任的失守,更深層次揭示了資源開採與原住民土地權益之間的結構性矛盾。力拓的做法暴露出一種短視的商業模式,忽略了與當地社區建立真正互信與共贏關係的重要性。長遠來看,這種態度不僅損害企業形象,更可能帶來法律和生產上的風險。

對香港及全球投資者而言,這提醒我們在評估礦業等資源企業時,除了財務表現,更應重視其對環境及社會責任的履行情況。企業若忽視原住民權益,可能會面臨更大監管和市場壓力,進而影響股價和可持續發展。

力拓及其他大型礦企必須跳出傳統利益驅動思維,積極與原住民建立平等協商機制,尊重文化遺產,才能在全球日益重視ESG(環境、社會及管治)的大趨勢中,真正贏得社會認同與長期發展的空間。這件事也提醒我們,尊重多元文化與歷史遺產,是現代企業不可迴避的責任。

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