加州擬放寬規定 允許在公路測試自動駕駛重型卡車
根據路透社報道，加州車輛管理局（DMV）於星期五提出一項建議，計劃允許在州內公共道路上測試自動駕駛的重型卡車及其他大型車輛。
目前，加州只容許在公共道路測試自動駕駛輕型乘用車，但對於重量超過10,001磅（約4.5噸）的重型車輛則未開放，這類車輛目前多在德州、亞利桑那州及阿肯色州等地進行測試。
根據新提案，州政府將限制重型自動駕駛商用車輛的無人駕駛測試，只能在符合車輛尺寸、重量及載重規定的指定路線上進行，並且基本禁止在市區街道操作。
此外，加州將不允許某些重型車輛進行測試，包括搬屋用的車輛、載客商用車、超大尺寸貨物、危險品以及散裝液體運輸車輛。
州政府計劃於6月10日舉行公眾聽證會，徵求對此提案的意見。
同時，該州亦擬更新輕型車輛的測試要求。所有製造商須先取得帶有安全駕駛員的測試許可證，然後才能在後續階段申請無人駕駛測試及部署許可證。
申請輕型車輛無人駕駛測試許可證的製造商，必須在擬定的運作設計範圍內完成至少50,000英里（約8萬公里）的測試；而重型車輛製造商則須完成至少500,000英里的自動駕駛測試，當中最多40萬英里可在加州以外進行。
加州還提議擴大向車輛管理局提交的測試數據類型及頻率，包含每月報告自動駕駛系統中斷、車輛停擺及急剎車事件等數據。
此舉正值美國聯邦政府放寬部分自動駕駛及先進駕駛輔助系統事故的報告要求之際。
同時，重型卡車製造商亦面臨其他挑戰。2024年，美國聯邦車輛安全管理局拒絕了自動駕駛公司Aurora Innovation申請在自動卡車上試行現代化路邊警示系統的請求，令Aurora於今年一月提起訴訟。Aurora計劃於4月在德州推出無人駕駛卡車。
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評論與啟示
加州這項提案反映出自動駕駛技術逐步成熟，尤其是重型卡車領域的發展正吸引更多政策支持。加州作為美國科技和創新重鎮，其對重型自動駕駛卡車測試的開放，有望促進本地相關產業的創新與競爭力，甚至帶動全國乃至全球的技術標準制定。
不過，提案中對於測試路線的嚴格限制和部分車輛類型的禁止測試，顯示出監管機構對安全風險的謹慎態度。這種平衡創新與安全的做法，值得其他地區借鑒。畢竟重型卡車涉及高風險貨物運輸，任何系統失誤都可能造成重大事故。
另一方面，測試里程的高要求，尤其是重型車輛需達50萬英里，對製造商來說是巨大的挑戰，也確保了技術成熟度和安全性。這種量化標準有助於建立消費者和監管機構的信心，但同時也可能延緩新技術的商業化步伐。
最後，美國聯邦與州政府在自動駕駛監管上的不同步，反映出政策制定的複雜性。加州的積極態度或許會激勵其他州跟進，但也可能帶來跨州標準不一的問題，影響產業整體發展。未來如何協調聯邦與地方監管，將是推動自動駕駛技術普及的關鍵。
以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。
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![{
"intro": "Create an ultra realistic 8K UHD DSLR photo based on the attached image as a reference of facial features, maintaining 100% likeness.",
"subject": {
"identity": "A stylish beautiful woman portrayed as Cleopatra performing a sacred night-time royal dance, embodying divine seduction, power, and celestial authority.",
"angle": "Full-body high-fashion editorial portrait captured at a cinematic 3/4 angle, ultra-crisp clarity with no blur.",
"pose": {
"body_position": "She is captured mid-dance inside a temple courtyard at night, her body angled gracefully, hips grounded, torso lifted, creating a powerful and sensual silhouette.",
"movement": "Her arms are raised in slow ceremonial motion while one leg steps forward, fully revealing her feet and lower legs as part of the ritual stance.",
"expression": "A calm, hypnotic, commanding gaze directed toward the camera—quiet dominance wrapped in sensual mystery."
}
},
"appearance": {
"outfit": "An ultra-bongga Cleopatra couture gown with an all-crystal bodice that fits like jeweled armor. Thousands of hand-set crystals, diamonds, and glass stones in gold, champagne, clear, and iridescent tones form sacred Egyptian motifs—cobras, sun disks, lotus symbols—entirely through crystal placement. The neckline is daring yet elegant, supported by invisible illusion mesh. From the waist, the skirt opens into flowing sheer silk and organza panels in ivory and soft gold, designed with a high front opening that intentionally exposes her legs and feet during movement. Crystal chains and beaded fringe sway rhythmically with every step, enhancing sensual motion.",
"accessories": "A dramatic Egyptian ceremonial headpiece with gold and crystal detailing, an oversized layered gold collar necklace, sculpted crystal arm cuffs, finger armor rings, a crystal-and-gold waist belt, and delicate gold anklets accentuating her bare feet.",
"hair": "Her hair is sleek, glossy, and perfectly controlled, styled to balance the weight of the crystal headpiece while allowing elegant movement.",
"makeup": "Ultra-glam, colorful Egyptian night makeup—bold elongated black kohl eyeliner, intense eyeshadow layered in turquoise, emerald, sapphire blue, violet, and metallic gold. Beneath the eyes, intricate ceremonial ink drawings in fine black and gold lines inspired by ancient Egyptian markings. Skin is luminous with molten-gold highlights, brows strong and defined, lips finished in a sensual nude-bronze satin."
},
"props": {
"ritual_elements": [
"Burning incense bowls releasing thick aromatic smoke",
"Golden sistrum placed near the dance space",
"Tall ceremonial torches lining the temple floor"
]
},
"background": {
"macro_environment": "A grand ancient Egyptian temple courtyard at night, reserved for sacred royal rituals.",
"midground_details": "Towering sandstone columns, massive statues of Isis and Hathor, carved temple walls, flowing linen drapes, and ceremonial platforms illuminated by firelight.",
"micro_elements": "Torch flames reflecting off crystal surfaces, fine dust particles glowing in the night air, incense smoke wrapping around her legs and feet, detailed stone floor textures beneath her bare feet, crystal fringe in motion, and sharply defined shadows—everything rendered in extreme detail with zero blur."
},
"lighting": {
"type": "Cinematic night lighting using torches, oil lamps, and subtle moonlight.",
"effect": "Firelight ignites the crystal bodice with prismatic sparkle while moonlight softly outlines her legs and feet, creating a dramatic, sensual, and divine atmosphere."
},
"camera": {
"camera_type": "DSLR",
"resolution": "8K UHD",
"lens": "50mm prime lens",
"aperture": "f/8 for full-body and environment sharpness",
"iso": 100,
"shutter_speed": "1/200s to freeze elegant motion clearly",
"focus": "Extreme sharp focus on crystal bodice, facial features, legs, feet, and temple details, no bokeh, no blur"
},
"style": "Ultra high-fashion editorial, night temple ritual, all-crystal couture, sexy yet sacred, ancient Egyptian royalty reimagined, cinematic realism, extremely detailed, sharp, iconic"
}](https://ssfuture.shop/wp-content/uploads/ai_gen_1766006158-167x300.png)
