美元走弱:川普批聯準會,經濟成長添憂

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美元持續下跌,市場擔憂經濟增長和美聯儲的獨立性
作者:Avila Sebastian | 發佈日期:2025年4月21日 上午10:23 ET

在截至4月18日的一周內,美國美元表現疲弱,因為市場對美國經濟增長的擔憂再度升溫。總統特朗普重申削減利率的呼籲,並計劃對美聯儲進行改革,這也推動了美元的下滑。儘管美聯儲主席鮑威爾的鷹派言論未能支持美元,美元仍然下跌。

美元在與歐元、英鎊、澳大利亞元以及日元的交投中出現下滑。衡量美元對六種貨幣強度的美元指數在對美聯儲獨立性的擔憂中也進一步下跌。

自4月11日的100.10水平以來,美元指數在一周內下跌了0.72%。該指數在週二觸及的週高點100.28後,於週三跌至99.17的週低點。最終,該指數在週末回升,收於99.38。

週三公布的數據顯示,美國3月份零售銷售月增1.4%,相比2月份的0.2%增幅更高,且超出預期的1.3%。

與此同時,美聯儲主席鮑威爾週三的鷹派言論使市場對美聯儲早日降息的希望大幅減弱。鮑威爾警告稱,新關稅政策可能會使通脹和就業進一步偏離中央銀行的目標。他還表示,美聯儲在改變利率之前將等待更多有關經濟走向的數據,並不認為最近的市場波動是需要美聯儲作出反應的壓力信號。

在美元疲弱和歐洲央行預計將降息的背景下,歐元/美元在截至4月18日的一周內上漲了0.27%。該貨幣對在週一觸及的1.1425高點後,週二跌至1.1264,最終收於1.1391,較前一周的1.1360有所上升。歐洲央行在週四第七次降息,並為進一步放鬆政策留出了空間。

儘管年通脹意外下降,但英鎊在截至4月18日的一周內對美元大幅上漲。英鎊/美元在4月11日收於1.3080,該周上漲了1.64%,收於1.3294。該周的交易範圍較寬,最低點為週一的1.3062,最高點為週五的1.3301。

在澳大利亞央行貨幣政策會議紀要發布的一周內,澳大利亞元對美元上漲了1.45%。該貨幣對在4月11日的0.6285水平上升,最終收於0.6376。在截至4月18日的一周內,該貨幣對在週一的最低0.6275和週四、週五的最高0.6395之間波動。

在截至4月18日的一周內,美元對日元的表現也有所下滑。美元/日元在本周以142.17收盤,較前一周的143.51下跌了0.93%。該貨幣對在週一的最高點144.32和週四的最低點141.61之間波動。貨幣波動是由於貿易關稅的不安以及市場對日本銀行在即將召開的政策會議上下調經濟增長預測的預期。

隨著對特朗普政府計劃重組美聯儲的擔憂加劇,六種貨幣的美元指數下滑至97.92,目前為98.27。美元的持續疲弱使得歐元/美元上漲至1.1512,英鎊/美元升至1.3400,澳大利亞元/美元也上漲至0.6424,而美元/日元則下滑至140.70。

在當前的經濟環境中,投資者需要密切關注美聯儲的政策變化以及全球貿易局勢,因為這些因素將直接影響各國貨幣的走勢。特別是特朗普政府的政策可能會在短期內造成市場的不穩定,投資者應謹慎應對。

在這樣的背景下,我們也要思考美聯儲的獨立性是否會受到政治干預的影響。經濟的健康發展需要穩定的金融政策,而不應該被短期的政治利益所左右。這種情況下,投資者和市場參與者需保持警惕,以應對未來可能出現的波動。

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