巴西國油批准招標:重啟東北部肥料廠陷僵局




巴西國有石油公司Petrobras批准尋找合作夥伴重啟東北部化肥廠運作

里約熱內盧消息——據四名知情人士透露,巴西國有石油企業Petrobras董事會於週四批准了尋找合作夥伴的計劃,以重啟其位於巴西東北部的化肥廠運營。不過,這項計劃仍需先解決與現有租賃方Unigel之間的爭議,因為雙方尚未達成和解。

據悉,化工公司Unigel曾向Petrobras要求賠償因廠房停產而產生的損失。這場僵局對總統盧拉(Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva)希望減少巴西對進口化肥依賴的策略造成了挫折。作為農業大國,巴西是全球主要的化肥消費國之一,其進口化肥佔總需求的八成以上。

Petrobras於2019年將兩座氮肥廠分別位於巴伊亞州和塞爾希培州的廠房,以為期十年的租賃協議交由Unigel經營。然而,自2023年起,這兩座化肥廠均已停產,Unigel指因巴西天然氣價格高昂,運營條件不可行而決定停工。

目前,Petrobras與Unigel正就租賃合同展開仲裁程序,爭議焦點包括廠房停產的原因、Unigel的投資及天然氣供應條款等。知情人士指出,若雙方能達成和解,將可正式啟動招標程序,尋找新的合作夥伴以重啟工廠。

一名公司內部人士強調:「我們批准了招標流程,但前提是仲裁必須先解決,否則無法推進。」另一名消息人士則透露,如果爭議圓滿解決,Unigel本身也可能參與未來的招標競爭。

Petrobras對路透社的置評請求未作回應,Unigel亦未立即回覆評論請求。

評論與啟示

這則消息反映出巴西在推動本土化肥產業自主化的過程中,依然面臨不少結構性挑戰。Petrobras作為國家重要能源和化工企業,試圖透過引入合作夥伴來重啟化肥廠,意圖減少對進口化肥的依賴,這對保障國家糧食安全和農業發展至關重要。然而,天然氣價格高企和雙方租賃爭議暴露出產業鏈上關鍵環節的脆弱性。

從更宏觀的角度看,這個案例凸顯了能源價格波動對下游產業的深遠影響,尤其是在巴西這樣的資源依賴國家。天然氣作為化肥生產的重要原料,其成本直接決定了化肥廠的經營可行性。政府若要推動本土化肥產業發展,除了招商引資外,還需從能源政策和價格機制層面提供支持和保障,否則難以吸引長期穩定的投資。

此外,Petrobras與Unigel的仲裁糾紛也提醒我們,國企與私企合作的法律和契約安排必須明確且具備可操作性,以避免影響企業正常運營和投資者信心。未來,如何在國有企業與市場機制間取得平衡,將是巴西推動產業升級和能源轉型的重要課題。

對香港及其他依賴進口化肥的地區而言,這則新聞亦具啟發意義,提醒我們全球農業供應鏈的脆弱性與能源價格的連動風險。中長線來看,投資者和政策制定者都應關注能源與農業化工產業的協同發展,以維持糧食安全和經濟穩定。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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Prompt (Enhanced, Artistic & Detailed):

A young Asian female inspired by "Imada Mio's" delicate doll-like aesthetic (精緻洋娃娃臉), featuring extraordinarily large, round, and soulful eyes with subtle brown irises, framed by long fluttering lashes. Her face is petite and exquisitely shaped with a defined V-line jaw, soft rosy cheeks flushed with youthful vitality, and plush, natural lips softly parted in a gentle, innocent yet slightly flirtatious expression. Her complexion is luminous and porcelain-smooth.

Her hair is long, dark chocolate brown, and styled in an artfully messy “just woke up” look (剛睡醒的凌亂感), with tousled waves and a touch of natural volume that frames her face and cascades down her shoulders, effortlessly blending wildness and charm.

She wears an oversized, semi-sheer white button-down shirt in a borrowed-from-the-boyfriend style (男友風白襯衫); the shirt slips loosely off her slim shoulders, unbuttoned at the top to reveal graceful collarbones and a hint of décolleté. The hem of the shirt falls mid-thigh, creating a tasteful "bottomless" look (下衣失蹤風格), her bare legs just visible beneath the diaphanous fabric, enhancing a pure yet subtly sexy visual impact.

The image is rendered with a high-key, natural daylight aesthetic reminiscent of Japanese gravure photobooks (寫真集風格): bright, airy lighting softly illuminates her features, casting gentle highlights and diffuse shadows for a dreamy, ethereal effect. Skin is rendered creamy and velvety with impeccable smoothness. The color palette echoes Fujifilm PRO 400H—soft, milky tones with delicate pastels, gentle greens, natural skin, and a nostalgic film grain that adds warmth and authenticity, evoking an elegant, fresh, and intimate atmosphere.

She is posed naturally, perhaps seated on light bed linens or by a sunlit window, exuding a blend of youthful innocence, pure allure, and quiet confidence. Hyper-detailed, cinematic composition, fine-tuned for photorealism yet with a subtle artistic charm. Certainly! Here is your enhanced, artistic, and detailed prompt for an AI image generator:

---

A captivating portrait of a young Asian woman, inspired by Imada Mio and embodying an exquisitely delicate, doll-like (精緻洋娃娃臉) aesthetic. She has large, round, expressive eyes that radiate innocence and curiosity, subtly accented with a moist shimmer. Her petite V-line face is framed by soft, rosy cheeks, and her lips are naturally pink and slightly parted, exuding an energetic, slightly flirty, yet pure aura. Her expression is a candid blend of sweetness and playful allure.

Her long, dark brown hair is artfully tousled with a messy morning (剛睡醒的凌亂感) effect—loose strands fall gently around her face, conveying natural volume and effortless beauty. The hair has a silky texture, catching the light in places, suggesting a recent awakening.

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The composition is styled in the manner of a Japanese Gravure Photobook (寫真集風格), exuding a pure & sexy vibe with an airy, dreamy atmosphere. Employ bright, high-key lighting for a clean, luminous effect that highlights her velvety soft skin texture. Use Fujifilm PRO 400H film tones for subtle pastel hues, gentle contrast, and a seamless blend of natural colors, further enriching the soft, ethereal, and intimate photographic quality.

The background is minimalist and softly blurred, ensuring complete focus on the subject, and enhancing the overall sense of warmth, comfort, and inviting allure typical of high-end Japanese photobooks.

--- 一張年輕東方女性站在戶外木棧道上的全身人像照片。
人物與穿著:
這位女性擁有修長的身材和淺棕色的長直髮,留著齊劉海。
她面帶微笑,表情甜美。頭上戴著一對動物耳朵的髮飾。
上半身穿著一件白色的短版 T 恤/緊身衣(Crop Top),領口較低。
下半身是一條淺藍色的牛仔短裙,裙襬帶有蕾絲邊緣。繫著一條淺棕色的皮帶
腳上穿著一雙露趾的裸色高跟涼鞋。
背景與環境:
她站在一條戶外的深色木質棧道上,左手輕輕扶著旁邊的深色木質欄杆。
背景呈現柔和的散景(景深很淺),可以看到綠色的植物和一些被處理成偏冷藍色調的樹枝或樹葉,營造出一種清新且夢幻的氛圍。
總體而言,這張照片風格清新、甜美,光線柔和,突出了人物的時尚穿搭和外貌。