以太坊擴容新路徑:硬件加速先過軟件,至關重要?

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以硬件推動以太坊的未來擴展

以太坊的未來擴展不僅依賴於軟件解決方案,更需要硬件加速來克服瓶頸,保持競爭力。

當前運行以太坊就像在1980年代的筆記本電腦上玩現代遊戲——過時的硬件無法順利加載,會不斷延遲,甚至可能因應對新需求而崩潰。以太坊的基礎設施是為了更簡單的區塊鏈時代而設計的,現在已經無法跟上,處理的交易數量僅為每秒10到62筆,遠低於主流採用所需的數千筆交易。

與此同時,Solana憑藉著亞秒級的區塊時間和幾乎零費用,正在獲得日益增長的主流人氣,這在TRUMP推出期間的錢包下載量激增中得以體現。以太坊則因高昂的燃氣費和擁堵而受到限制,迫使用戶和開發者轉向更快的替代方案。

如果不解決擴展瓶頸,以太坊將面臨落後的風險。儘管以太坊的第二層(L2)滾動解決方案緩解了網絡擁堵,但它們最終仍然是臨時措施,只能提供暫時的緩解。以軟件為主的解決方案在互操作性和可擴展性方面遇到了一些問題,這引發了人們對以太坊長期可持續性和相關性的質疑。

許多L2的設計是為了適應本地網絡,無法支持即時應用,如去中心化遊戲或跨境支付。如果以太坊希望在區塊鏈領域保持領導地位,就需要根本性的轉變。解決方案不在於增量的軟件更新,而在於硬件加速。

將以太坊的願景與硬件對齊

Vitalik Buterin的Verge里程碑設想以太坊在消費級設備上實現完整的節點驗證,這是實現區塊鏈更廣泛目標(如可及性和去中心化)的關鍵步驟。Buterin強調需要從臨時解決方案轉向建立全面的計算基礎設施,以實現這一願景。專用硬件,如應用特定集成電路(ASIC),是關鍵:它可以提高交易處理速度,減少延遲,並優化能源使用。這為可持續的以太坊擴展奠定了基礎,確保網絡在不妥協其核心原則的情況下增長。

以太坊的Pectra升級同樣未能完全解決其基本的擴展挑戰,突顯了對增強可擴展性和穩定性的迫切需求。引入的關鍵優化——帳戶抽象和增強的驗證者操作——旨在提高以太坊的效率和用戶體驗,但未能顯著提高交易吞吐量或降低網絡延遲。

如果沒有專用硬件,以太坊將面臨落後的風險,削弱其作為區塊鏈社區結算層的地位。投資於硬件原生解決方案將使以太坊能夠有效擴展,同時堅持其對去中心化的承諾,並支持不斷增長的用戶基礎。

主流採用與現實應用

硬件擴展解決方案的影響遠不止於以太坊本身。傳統金融(TradFi)參與者正在探索基於區塊鏈的跨境支付,這需要即時處理。由於繼承自主網層的可擴展性問題,僅靠L2無法有效滿足傳統金融的需求。2023年,跨境交易達到190.1萬億美元,預計到2025年將進一步增長,這表明:硬件加速在促進機構採用區塊鏈方面是不可或缺的。

除了金融,硬件優化還能提高區塊鏈在各行各業的實用性,加速主流採用。一個值得注意的例子是醫療保健,通過加速的區塊鏈基礎設施可以提高患者數據的安全性和隱私性。對於依賴動態交互的遊戲產業,區塊鏈網絡可以幫助實現用戶行為的即時反應。

人工智能的影響

區塊鏈並不是孤立運行的;它與計算密集型行業(如人工智能)競爭,後者是2024年的熱詞。人工智能的興起重塑了行業,但它也成為區塊鏈在電力和設備方面的激烈競爭對手。數據中心如Hut 8和Coin Scientific正優先處理人工智能工作負載,這些工作負載的收入可達比比特幣挖礦高出25倍。這些舉措突顯了區塊鏈網絡在資源效率上的優化壓力,否則將面臨在計算主導地位競爭中被邊緣化的風險。

批評者聲稱以太坊正在“慢慢死亡”。曾經是去中心化金融(DeFi)創新的家園,以太坊的可擴展性問題阻礙了其與DeFAI的競爭。以太坊必須擁抱專用硬件,以解決其低效的基礎設施,實現更快的交易並減少能源消耗。這樣,以太坊才有機會在人工智能發展中未雨綢繆,保持其在主流採用中的競爭優勢。

投資硬件的時機已到

以太坊過去過度依賴L2進行擴展,但這些仍然是無法滿足網絡基本運營需求的臨時解決方案。硬件解決方案對於以太坊保持區塊鏈創新領導地位而言已經是不可談判的選擇。從支持無縫的傳統金融整合到支持醫療保健和遊戲中的即時互動,專用硬件解決了以太坊基礎設施的根本低效問題。如果不果斷投資於硬件加速,以太坊將面臨停滯,而競爭對手則會崛起。

以太坊不需要另一個短期的補丁。它需要一個持久的解決方案。下一波區塊鏈採用需要一個能夠支持的基礎設施,這意味著現在就要投資於硬件。

這篇文章的觀點僅代表作者個人意見,並不構成法律或投資建議。

在這篇文章中,Leo Fan強調了以太坊面臨的挑戰以及未來的機遇,尤其是在硬件加速方面的必要性。這不僅是技術上的需求,更是市場競爭的必然趨勢。隨著人工智能等技術的快速發展,區塊鏈必須適應新的市場需求,否則將面臨被邊緣化的風險。以太坊的未來取決於其能否快速轉型,並在硬件投資上做出果斷決策,以確保其在區塊鏈生態系統中的核心地位。

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