《美國國債拋售結束?專家分析前景》




國債拋售結束了嗎?Capital Economics發表看法

根據Capital Economics的分析師預測,雖然美國國債收益率在2025年剩餘時間內預計會下降,但收益率曲線仍可能會持續陡峭化。近期,基準的10年期美國國債收益率達到了數月以來的高點,投資者對於美國聯邦儲備局(Fed)可能在今年進行利率調整的前景感到擔憂。

在2024年將借貸成本下調一整個百分點後,政策制定者已表示將對未來的利率調整採取謹慎的態度,特別是在即將上任的特朗普政府政策不確定性加大的情況下。經濟學家警告,特朗普的計劃,尤其是對盟友和對手徵收大規模進口關稅的威脅,可能會重新推高通脹,隨之而來的將是Fed的利率調整將變得更加緩慢。

不過,周三公布的12月份消費者物價增長數據稍微緩解了這些擔憂。數據顯示,美國的整體消費者物價如預期上漲,但剔除食品和燃料等波動性項目的核心指數增長速度低於預期。

隨著這些數據的發布,市場對於Fed可能在年底前進行幾次利率下調的預期也有所增加,儘管隨後出現的其他經濟指標表現強勁。國債收益率通常與價格呈反向變動,因此在這種情況下,收益率出現了下降。

Capital Economics的分析師在周五的一份客戶報告中指出,「國債收益率的拋售在這周後半段出現了逆轉。」但他們提到,這一趨勢主要集中在收益率曲線的長端,這導致曲線出現了「顯著」的陡峭化,並補充說,「這表明近期對貨幣政策的預期,理論上應該直接影響短期債券的收益率,但最近卻並未主導市場。」

這種所謂的「熊市陡峭化」,即長期收益率上升的幅度超過短期收益率,讓債市在過去的Fed降息周期中顯得有些不同尋常。他們認為,債券市場的下一步動向可能取決於兩個關鍵問題:長期收益率為何會如此急劇上升,以及這一情況是否會再次發生?

分析師們指出,一個可能的解釋是,隨著投資者為特朗普政府可能帶來的波動做好準備,國債的期限溢價(即投資者因承擔利率變動風險所需的補償)上升。儘管如此,他們也強調,未來幾年特朗普的政策進展將對市場影響巨大,但「我們認為所有跡象都指向收益率略微下滑。」

他們預測,10年期國債收益率在2025年底將達到4.50%,這比目前水平低約10個基點,而收益率曲線前端的下降則預計會更加明顯。

評論

這篇文章引發了對於未來幾年美國經濟及其政策方向的深入思考。特朗普政府的政策不確定性及其對市場的潛在影響,無疑將成為投資者關注的焦點。尤其是當前全球經濟環境變幻莫測,政策制定者需要在促進經濟增長與控制通脹之間找到平衡。值得注意的是,市場對於利率調整的預期往往會影響投資者的行為,這意味著任何政策信號的變化都可能引發市場的劇烈波動。

此外,隨著市場對於未來經濟走向的期待逐漸明朗,投資者應該密切關注即將公布的經濟數據及其對市場情緒的影響。這不僅是對債券市場的考驗,也是對整體經濟健康狀況的檢驗。

以上文章由特價GPT API根據網上資料所翻譯及撰寫,過程中沒有任何人類參與 🙂

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