拜登氣候遺產:減排承諾空洞,AI基建埋禍?

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拜登的持久遺產使世界變得更加危險

總統的最後一刻氣候宣佈並未掩蓋他交給繼任者的棘手實際工具。

上星期四,白宮提出了根據巴黎協議的新承諾:到2035年,美國將減少61%至66%的排放,與2005年的水平相比。拜登在一段預錄的聲明中自豪地表示:“美國的產業將繼續創新和投資。州、地方及部落政府將繼續努力。一起來,我們將把這一生存威脅轉變為一個世代難得的機會,為我們的國家帶來變革。”

然而,拜登將無法影響這一目標的實現方式或是否能實現,而這一承諾在法律上也不要求美國實際朝著這一方向努力。巴黎協議僅要求各國定期提交新的目標,稱為“國家自主貢獻”,而本周的宣佈標誌著美國正式提交了這一新基準。與此同時,特朗普及其盟友已承諾在他下個月上任後再次將美國撤出巴黎協議,拆除有助於減少排放的規則,並清除幾乎所有職位標題中包含“氣候”一詞的聯邦工作人員。

更有意義的發展是,據報導,政府正計劃通過一項行政命令為渴望權力的數據中心鋪平道路。熟悉計劃的消息人士最近告訴《華盛頓郵報》,該命令可能會開放聯邦土地以建設“至少消耗一吉瓦電力”的人工智慧數據中心,這相當於一百萬居民的城市用電量。該命令可能會放寬環境限制,允許公司在同一地點建設“以天然氣為燃料的發電廠,並期望最終用風能或太陽能取代天然氣。”

對人工智慧的補貼熱潮在很大程度上是受到科技公司提出的論點驅動的,這些公司聲稱如果不立即滿足他們的要求,美國將面臨嚴重的國家安全威脅。“中國專注於在2030年前奪取領先地位,正在加速建設——利用政府控制的數據,並增加其芯片和能源的生產,”OpenAI在今年秋天向政府官員提交的一份白皮書中警告。“能源是美國維持領先地位的關鍵。”

對科技巨頭來說,這種危機敘事方便地掩蓋了關於所有這些新人工智慧的實際用途、必要性以及市場需求的問題。急於建設新的人工智慧基礎設施並為其供電的行動,冒著將一系列不必要的新化石燃料發電廠投入運行的風險,這可能會在未來幾十年內鎖定更高的排放量。這場最後的人工智慧狂潮可能還會為特朗普政府提供更多工具,進一步豐富與他關係密切的公司和高管,包括OpenAI的山姆·奧特曼、Meta和亞馬遜。

過去一周展示了拜登政府在氣候危機上所採取的更廣泛動態:一個以英雄語言描述的適度令人印象深刻的去碳化議程,卻經常受到政府對保持美國在不平等全球秩序中領先地位的偏執和根深蒂固的承諾的破壞。將這兩個目標融合的尷尬嘗試在政治上失敗,未能讓新政治選民團結在減少排放的項目背後。共和黨人對任何被稱為氣候政策的東西仍然與四年前一樣反對——儘管通脹削減法案的資金流入他們的選區。關於美國氣候領導地位的宏大言辭仍然主要只是言辭而已。雖然這些氣候談話點會在拜登離開白宮時消失,但下一屆特朗普政府將繼承一套更強大的實際工具,這些工具將使他們能夠進一步攻擊不斷擴大的美國敵人名單,這是由拜登政府量身定制的:一個殘酷、臃腫的制裁體系;對中國的擴大關稅;一個極右的以色列政府獲得了對暴行和暴力領土擴張的空白支票;而現在,還有一個放寬環境法規以取悅科技公司的模板。

無論民主黨人是為了贏得搖擺選民而採納這些傳統的共和黨立場,還是因為他們與共和黨的價值觀相同,這其實並不重要。拜登白宮最持久的遺產不會是他補貼汽車製造商建造更多電動車或宣佈一個無法執行的氣候目標。它將是使世界變得更危險,並把特朗普及其企業盟友交給繼續這一過程的工具。

這篇文章揭示了拜登政府在氣候政策上的矛盾,特別是在面對企業利益和環境保護之間的掙扎。雖然政府表面上推動減排目標,但實際上卻在為未來的危機鋪路,這不僅是對環境的威脅,也可能加劇社會的分裂。這種情況提醒我們,政策制定者在面對全球性挑戰時,必須更加謹慎地考慮長期影響,而不是僅僅追求短期的經濟利益或政治收益。未來的氣候政策需要更加透明和負責任,以確保不會將權力和資源集中在少數利益集團手中,從而導致更大的不平等和危害。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。而圖片則由FLUX根據內容自動生成。

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