美國設AI軍事守則 保障安全新時代

Ai




拜登總統為軍事和情報機構設立新的AI指引

白宮首次發布了一份有關軍事和情報機構使用人工智能的國家安全備忘錄,並向公眾分享了該備忘錄的簡化版本。

這份新備忘錄為軍事和情報機構在日常操作中使用AI設立了指引。備忘錄設定了一系列截止日期,讓相關機構研究AI工具的應用和規範,其中大部分將在拜登總統任期結束後失效。根據《紐約時報》,備忘錄亦旨在限制「最反烏托邦的可能性,包括自主武器的發展」。

國家安全顧問傑克·沙利文今天在國防大學的一次演講中宣布了這項新指令,該演講是有關AI在政府運作中的存在。沙利文一直是總統檢視AI技術利弊的最積極支持者之一。他還對中國利用AI控制其人口和散播虛假信息表示擔憂,並指出這份備忘錄可以促使其他國家在實施自己的AI策略時展開討論。

備忘錄在AI使用上設立了一些明確的界限,特別是在武器系統方面。備忘錄指出,AI絕不能被用作核武器發射或為來美國的移民授予庇護身份的決策者。它還禁止AI根據種族或宗教追蹤任何人,或在沒有人工介入的情況下決定嫌疑人是否為已知恐怖分子。

備忘錄還指出,私營部門的AI進展被視為「需要保護的國家資產……以防止外國對手的間諜或盜竊」,據《紐約時報》報導。備忘錄命令情報機構協助私營公司在AI模型上的工作,確保其安全,並提供更新的情報報告以保護其AI資產。

編輯評論

這份備忘錄顯示了政府對人工智能的雙重態度:既看到了其帶來的潛在風險,又承認其不可或缺的技術價值。尤其是在軍事和國家安全領域,AI的應用需要嚴格的監管和倫理考量。這次的政策指引是朝著負責任使用AI邁出的重要一步,反映了當前國際局勢下對技術控制的迫切需求。

然而,值得注意的是,這些規範在未來可能會面臨挑戰。隨著技術的進步和國際競爭的加劇,如何在保護國家安全與促進科技創新之間找到平衡將成為一大考驗。此外,這份備忘錄是否能有效影響其他國家的AI政策,從而形成全球範圍內的共識,也是值得觀察的問題。

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