美議員警告CBDC恐變監控國家




美國眾議員警告:數碼身份認證及央行數字貨幣或將令美國成為「監控國家」

美國眾議員沃倫·戴維森(Warren Davidson)近日警告,專注於穩定幣的《GENIUS法案》可能會適得其反,剝奪美國人的財務自由和私隱權。他指出,美國正逐漸走向一個需經政府許可且高度監控的金融體系,這與加密貨幣原本承諾的無需許可、私隱保障的理念背道而馳。

戴維森在社交平台X(前身為Twitter)發文批評《GENIUS法案》,認為該法案本質上為美國美元的央行數字貨幣(CBDC)鋪路,這種CBDC可能會被用作「監控、脅迫和控制」的工具。他同時擔心,政府會推行數碼身份認證系統,強迫美國人獲得政府許可才能使用自己的資金。

他強調:「不要被欺騙,我們需要拒絕這個全球主義監控國家,回歸最初的原則。」戴維森提醒其86,600名X追隨者,比特幣的原始承諾並非成為一種流動性差、用作對抗通脹的資產,而是作為一種無需許可、點對點的支付系統。

戴維森自2016年代表俄亥俄州進入國會以來,一直是無需許可的貨幣、自我保管及私隱權的堅定支持者。他提出多項法案,旨在限制州政府對加密貨幣的控制,將CBDC定為刑事犯罪,甚至試圖罷免當時的證券交易委員會主席蓋瑞·根斯勒(Gary Gensler)。

同盟聲援反對監控金融體系

與戴維森持相似立場的還有眾議員瑪喬麗·泰勒·格林(Marjorie Taylor Greene),她公開表示反對《GENIUS法案》,認為該法案將權力交給銀行,並為CBDC開啟「後門」。她指出真正的危險在於數碼身份認證、CBDC以及無法自我保管資產。

《CLARITY法案》較受支持,但影響或有限

戴維森和格林對正在等待參議院通過的《CLARITY法案》表現出較大支持,該法案預計於2026年初進行審議。戴維森表示,《CLARITY法案》承諾修正《GENIUS法案》中的缺陷,保護自我保管權利並納入眾議院的其他條款。

不過,他亦指出,隨著《GENIUS法案》已生效,《CLARITY法案》對個人自由的改變可能只是表面功夫。他警告:「貨幣的未來將決定未來的走向,除非有巨大的神蹟干預,否則未來看起來將是需許可、受監控且被貶值的。」

評論與啟示

戴維森的警告揭示了當前金融科技發展與監管政策之間的緊張關係。央行數字貨幣和數碼身份系統雖然可以提升金融效率和安全,但同時也帶來了前所未有的監控風險。這種「監控國家」的擔憂並非危言聳聽,因為CBDC的設計本質上允許政府追蹤每一筆交易,從而對個人資金流動進行嚴密監控。

在香港及全球範圍內,我們應該從這個案例中反思,如何在推動金融創新與保障個人私隱之間取得平衡。尤其是數碼身份認證的推行,若未有嚴格的法律和技術保障,極易成為政府或大型機構監控公民的工具,削弱個人自由。

此外,戴維森強調的「無需許可」的貨幣理念,是加密貨幣誕生的核心價值,也是對抗傳統金融體系集中控制的關鍵。當監管政策過度干預,反而可能扼殺創新,令加密貨幣失去其原本的意義。這提醒我們,監管者在制定相關政策時,必須充分聆聽業界和用戶的聲音,避免以安全名義犧牲自由。

總結來說,這場關於CBDC和數碼身份的辯論,不僅是技術和政策的較量,更是自由與監控、創新與控制的價值觀之爭。香港作為國際金融中心,應密切關注這些動態,積極參與討論,確保未來金融生態既安全又尊重個人權利。

以上文章由GPT 所翻譯及撰寫。圖片由Gemini 根據內容自動生成。

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A young woman with fair skin is taking a selfie inside a fitness center (gym).

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