加州擬徵5%億萬富翁財富稅惹爭議




加州擬推5%億萬富翁財富稅 加密界重量級人物強烈反對

加州最近提出一項名為「2026億萬富翁稅法案」的選票倡議,計劃對淨資產超過10億美元的億萬富翁徵收5%的財富稅,以籌集資金支持醫療保健系統和州政府援助計劃。這項稅收部分將基於未實現的資產增值計算,意味著部分億萬富翁可能需要出售股票或企業股份來籌措繳稅資金,稅款可選擇一次性支付或分五年連本帶息繳納。

然而,加密貨幣業界的多位高層,包括Bitwise執行長Hunter Horsley和Kraken聯合創辦人Jesse Powell,紛紛表達強烈反對意見,認為此舉將導致億萬富翁及其資本大規模外流,對加州經濟造成負面影響。Powell在社交平台X(前Twitter)上直言:「我保證這將是最後一根稻草。億萬富翁將帶走他們所有的消費、興趣、慈善和工作機會。應該先解決浪費和欺詐問題。」

民主黨議員力撐稅案 強調資金用於創新與公共服務

支持該稅案的加州第17選區民主黨眾議員Ro Khanna則在X上多次發文,強調這筆稅收將用於改善托兒服務、住房和教育,從而促進美國的創新發展。他認為,這不僅是財富再分配,更是為未來投資。

專家憂心資本流失與稅收效果有限

Castle Island Ventures創始合夥人Nic Carter和ProCap BTC首席投資官Jeff Park則質疑,隨著資本流動性越來越高,這種財富稅可能成為資本外逃的信號,讓億萬富翁將資金撤出加州,類似主權違約的負面預期。Carter表示:「我很喜歡Ro,也認識他的團隊,但他們是否有深入分析過財富稅對資本流動性的影響?」

此外,鏈上數據平台Dune的聯合創辦人兼CEO Fredrik Haga指出,挪威曾嘗試類似的稅制,結果導致大量富裕人士移居海外,稅收收入也未達預期。他批評說:「挪威變得更平等了,但大家都變得更窮、更糟,這正是強烈社會主義理念的必然結果。」

稅款使用透明度成疑 加密業界呼籲政府自省

紐約大學教授、Zero Knowledge Consulting創辦人Austin Campbell和Bitwise執行長Horsley都引用了加州審計長去年12月的一份報告,指出政府在稅款使用上的不透明和浪費問題。Horsley批評說:「Ro的計劃不是解決現有的浪費問題,而是想透過沒收私人資產來增加政府收入。政治人物早已忘了自己是公僕的角色。」

評論與啟示:

這場關於加州億萬富翁財富稅的爭議,反映出當代財富再分配政策的兩難:一方面,社會期待透過稅收縮小貧富差距,改善公共服務;另一方面,高淨值人群的資本流動性極高,稅制設計若不慎,可能引發資本外逃,反而削弱稅基。

加密貨幣業界的反彈不僅因為他們本身屬於新興且高度流動的資產階層,更因為該產業本身對政策敏感,資本和人才的流動速度遠超傳統行業。加州作為美國科技和加密重鎮,若失去這批創業家和資本,長遠來看可能損失更多經濟活力。

另一方面,支持者如Ro Khanna所言,財富稅若能有效用於教育、住房和托兒,確實有助於培育下一代創新人才,促進社會整體福祉。問題在於,稅款如何有效管理和分配,避免浪費和腐敗,這是政策成功的關鍵。

從全球視角看,挪威等國家的經驗提醒我們,財富稅不應僅僅是簡單的資產抽取,而應結合完善的監管和激勵機制,才能真正達到公平與效率的平衡。

總結來說,加州的這場財富稅辯論,是新經濟時代財富分配與資本流動性矛盾的縮影。未來政策制定者必須更細膩地考量產業特性、資本流動及公共資源管理,才能設計出既公平又可持續的稅收制度。

以上文章由GPT API 所翻譯及撰寫。圖片由Google Gemini 根據內容自動生成。

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