東南亞如何靠「細AI」迎戰科技巨頭?

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世界銀行專家建議國家應善用「小型人工智能」 避免與大型科技巨頭硬碰硬

人工智能(AI)成本高昂。處理器、數據中心、電力和用水,以及數據收集,這些都需要龐大投入。美國和中國等科技巨頭有能力承擔這些成本,但其他較小的地區,例如東南亞——全球除撒哈拉以南非洲外未連網人口最多的區域——能否跟上這波浪潮?

上週於馬來西亞吉隆坡舉行的《財富》創新論壇中,專家們對較小國家能否投資適合自身的人工智能抱有希望,同時指出仍有不少限制阻礙投資。

世界銀行東亞、南亞及太平洋地區數碼業務主管馬赫什·烏塔姆昌達尼(Mahesh Uttamchandani)指出:「有機會真正善用所謂的『小型AI』,這種AI更具針對性,可能適合離線使用,且不必與大型國家推出的創新直接競爭。」

挪威電信亞洲區主管喬恩·奧蒙德·雷瓦格(Jon Omund Revhaug)也同意,較小國家投資自主AI擁有「充足機會」。

像新加坡、馬來西亞和泰國等國,正嘗試建立本地AI產業,無論是鼓勵開發更貼近本地需求的AI模型,投資基礎設施如電力和數據中心,或是通過法規保障數據主權。

不過,仍有不少工作要做。

新加坡電信集團ST Telemedia全球數據中心東南亞區首席執行官李昂納·姚(Lionel Yeo)說:「我們需要更多數據中心,東南亞必須建設更多。」他坦言,數據中心產業發展需要穩定電力支撐,「如何從上游到下游確保電力供應?我們必須跨供應鏈合作,也要與監管機構協作,解決電網、輸配電等問題。」

用水同樣是一大挑戰。2019年新加坡曾短暫暫停數據中心建設,擔心水資源過度使用。馬來西亞柔佛州也警告,水資源可能持續緊張至2027年中,儘管該州積極吸引數據中心和AI基建投資。

烏塔姆昌達尼認為,水資源問題「反而為跨境合作提供機會」,「並非每個國家都需要獨立數據中心」,水和電等資源或可在國家間共享。

人才短缺也是難題。Intrinsic公司首席執行官溫蒂·譚懷特(Wendy Tan White)指出,「具備組裝伺服器和數據中心技能的人才稀缺,且分佈不均。」她補充,有些工作無法自動化,「例如數據中心的電纜處理,目前仍只能由人工完成,沒有其他方法。」

儘管如此,譚懷特認為「亞洲有機會」,「亞洲目前是製造中心,但面臨人口下降和地緣政治挑戰,我認為亞洲可在監管和政策方面積極領先。」

亞洲多國政府已開始推動更多投資。烏塔姆昌達尼提到菲律賓近期取消立法機關審批電信市場新進者的要求,「許多過時法律和規例可能成為阻礙。」

不過,供應端難以完全滿足需求,這將導致某種程度的「自我調節」,姚說:「大家都急著建數據中心應付AI,但基建、人才和電力跟不上。」

「企業必須學會利用現有基建,提高效率,才能讓AI發揮作用。」

編輯評論:

這篇報道突顯了東南亞在人工智能領域面對的現實挑戰與潛在機遇。所謂「小型AI」的概念,提供了與全球科技巨頭競爭之外的替代路徑,這對資源有限的國家尤其重要。它強調AI不必追求「全面升級」或「超級智能」,而是根據本地需求量身打造的解決方案,這種思維值得其他新興市場借鑒。

同時,文章也提醒我們,技術發展絕非單靠軟件或算法就能解決,電力、水資源及人才短缺等「硬體」問題,反而成為限制因素。這提示政府和企業必須採取跨部門協作策略,結合能源政策、教育培訓與基礎設施建設,才能真正推動AI生態系統的健康發展。

此外,跨境資源共享的提議也十分有啟發性。在全球化背景下,單一國家的孤立發展往往成本高昂且效率低下,東南亞國家若能打破邊界限制,合作共建數據中心與共享資源,或許能突破瓶頸,形成區域性AI競爭力。

最後,亞洲面臨的人口下降和地緣政治挑戰,反而可能促使其在AI監管和政策制定方面走在前列,成為全球典範。這種「危機即轉機」的觀點,為亞洲國家注入一股積極主動的發展動力。

總括而言,這篇報導不僅提供了技術與產業的最新動態,更促使我們思考如何從戰略層面整合資源,推動區域合作,為AI的可持續發展鋪路。這種視角對香港等中小型經濟體尤其具有參考價值。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。而圖片則由FLUX根據內容自動生成。

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{
  "image_generation_request": {
    "prompt": "Ultra-realistic portrait of a man walking toward the camera on an airport runway at night He wears a white long-sleeve shirt with sleeves rolled up and dress pants, shoes. The camera is very close, capturing his face sharply - textures of skin, smoke from his lips, and subtle reflections of firelight in his eyes. Behind him, slightly out of focus, a commercial airplane is burning intensely, with huge flames, roaring firestorms, and thick black smoke rising high. The fiery glow casts dramatic orange highlights on his shirt and face, creating deep shadows and a gritty, cinematic mood. Wet runway reflects the blaze, enhancing the dramatic atmosphere.",
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      "action": "Walking toward camera, smoking",
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    "environment_details": {
      "location": "Airport runway at night",
      "background": "Commercial airplane burning, intense fire, thick black smoke, out of focus",
      "ground": "Wet runway, reflecting fire"
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} Edit this photo without changing her face 100% to reveal a young woman with an oval face and ideal body, not skinny.

She wears a outfit attached.

She has clear white skin with a natural blush on her cheeks.
Her skin looks healthy and glowing.
She has light grey eyes with a cat-eye style, curly and defined eyelashes (wispy/manga lashes), and neat natural eyebrows.
Focus on a natural blush to create a subtle rosy look.
Soft pink and peachy ​​lip gloss applied in the center of her lips (with a slight gradient), giving the impression of healthy, plump lips.

She wore a channel earcuff, gold watch and channel rings. She has coffin shape menicure in white gradien color.

Her shiny, ash brown with pink highlight, waist-length hair, loose curls styled with curtains bangs giving a Korean-style aesthetic.
Her head is tilted slightly to the side (head tilt), creating a chic and elegant look.

This photo exudes a feminine and sensual yet calm aura. The skin tone and outfit make the subject stand out.
The background is slightly blurred (out of focus), as if she were in her white interior car taking a selfie.
Calm and elegant pose. Staring intenstly at the camera A photorealistic outdoor portrait of a fit Filipina woman performing a yoga pose on a grassy lawn in a serene park. She is positioned on all fours atop a soft white towel, with one leg extended upward behind her in a controlled, balanced stretch. She wears a simple black bikini-style sports top, emphasizing a natural athletic physique. Her expression is calm and confident, making gentle eye contact with the camera. Her hair is neatly tied back, with minimal makeup for a clean, natural look.
The scene takes place in a lush green park surrounded by tall trees, rendered with a creamy, cinematic bokeh background. The environment feels peaceful and fresh, with soft grass in the foreground and blurred foliage in the distance, creating strong subject separation.
Lighting is natural daylight, soft and diffused, resembling early morning or late afternoon golden-hour light. Highlights are gentle, skin tones are warm and realistic, and shadows are soft with no harsh contrast, enhancing a healthy, natural glow.
Composition is centered and symmetrical, shot from a low eye-level angle slightly below the subject to emphasize form and balance. The depth of field is shallow, with the subject in sharp focus and the background smoothly blurred. The towel anchors the subject visually, adding contrast against the green grass.
Style is ultra-realistic photography with cinematic aesthetics, resembling a high-end fitness or lifestyle photoshoot. Skin texture, fabric details, and natural imperfections are preserved for realism. No stylization or anime effects.
Quality is extremely high: 8K resolution, DSLR-quality image, sharp focus, realistic anatomy, accurate proportions, professional photography, natural color grading, no distortions, no artifacts, and no exaggerated features.

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