美英反抗促巴塞爾重審加密資本規則

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美國和英國的反抗迫使巴塞爾重新考慮對銀行的殘酷加密資本規則

全球銀行監管機構正準備重新檢視其最嚴格的加密規則,因為美國和英國拒絕實施這些規則,這一舉動威脅到巴塞爾委員會長期以來的共識。

在接受《金融時報》採訪時,瑞典央行行長及巴塞爾銀行監管委員會(BCBS)主席埃里克·泰德恩(Erik Thedéen)表示,他們可能需要對目前針對加密資產的1,250%風險權重採取“不同的方法”。

根據全球法律事務所White & Case的資料,這一1,250%的風險權重意味著信貸機構必須持有與其相應的加密資產風險敞口等值的自有資金。在現行框架下,基於無許可區塊鏈發行的加密資產,包括像USDt和USDC這樣的穩定幣,均需承擔與最具風險的風險投資相同的1,250%風險權重。

然而,泰德恩承認,受監管的穩定幣的快速增長已改變了政策格局。他表示:“發生的事情相當戲劇化,”並補充說,穩定幣的增長強烈,系統中的資產數量要求採取新的方法。“我們需要開始分析。但我們需要相當快地進行。”

主要經濟體的明確抵制

主要經濟體的抵制現在變得更加明顯。根據《金融時報》的報導,美國聯邦儲備系統不打算按原樣實施巴塞爾加密規則,政策制定者稱資本要求不切實際。

英格蘭銀行也表示,它不會以目前的形式應用該框架。同時,歐盟僅部分實施2022年的標準,排除了涵蓋無許可區塊鏈的關鍵條款。

根據彭博社的匿名消息來源,巴塞爾委員會正準備在明年修訂其2022年指導方針,以便對參與加密市場的銀行更為有利。報導指出,許多銀行將該框架解讀為對參與加密貨幣或穩定幣服務的威懾。

隨著受監管的穩定幣在美國獲得支持,這一討論變得更加激烈,特別是在美國總統唐納德·特朗普的支持下,以及《GENIUS法案》的通過,該法案正式授權使用這些資產進行支付。

穩定幣的繁榮需要重新思考規則

泰德恩在《金融時報》的報導中重申了這一擔憂,指出穩定幣的採用增加需要新的分析和潛在的更寬鬆立場。然而,他也表示,因為監管機構對加密資產的風險特徵和銀行發行數字資產的角色有不同的核心假設,達成共識可能會很困難。

“在目前的情況下,進一步推進是困難的,因為我是主席,而這個委員會內有太多不同的觀點,”他說。

擴大的分歧引發公平競爭的擔憂

政策的分歧為全球銀行創造了競爭不平衡。如果歐盟銀行仍然受到這些規範的約束,而美國和英國則在更寬鬆的框架下運作,競爭環境將變得相當不平衡。

這一不平衡將影響哪些司法管轄區能夠構建銀行發行的穩定幣產品、代幣化存款或甚至加密保管解決方案。

這一系列的變化不僅反映了當前金融體系中對於加密資產的不同看法,也可能會對全球金融市場的結構產生深遠影響。隨著穩定幣的興起,監管機構面臨的挑戰不僅是如何確保金融穩定,更是如何在創新與風險之間找到平衡。這一過程中,各國的政策差異將成為未來金融競爭的重要因素。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。而圖片則由FLUX根據內容自動生成。

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