土耳其虛擬貨幣詐騙案:CEO自殺引發法律變革




Thodex CEO被發現死於監獄:這宗20億美元的加密貨幣詐騙如何改變了土耳其法律

前加密貨幣交易所Thodex的首席執行官Faruk Fatih Özer於11月1日在其監獄牢房內被發現死亡。他因經營歷史上最大的加密貨幣詐騙之一而被判處11,000年監禁。

他的死標誌著Thodex事件的最新進展,這起事件的影響深遠,甚至改變了土耳其的加密貨幣法律。

初步調查顯示Özer的死因可能是自殺,但調查仍在進行中。這再次將Thodex推回了輿論的焦點。

以下是Özer的故事回顧,以及這家加密貨幣交易所如何影響土耳其法律,並可能促進該國的加密貨幣採用。

20億美元的Thodex詐騙:突襲、逮捕及CEO逃亡

2021年4月21日,Thodex加密貨幣交易所突然停止交易和提款。最初的公告稱這可能會持續四到五天。當時Cointelegraph土耳其報導,該交易所聲稱此舉是為了改善其運營,並獲得“世界知名銀行和資金公司的幫助”。

但當地媒體報導,Özer已經逃往泰國,帶走了超過20億美元的資金,這是一宗退出詐騙。警方也報導稱已突襲了位於伊斯坦布爾的交易所辦公室。

伊斯坦布爾首席檢察官辦公室次日證實了這些報導,並宣布對Thodex展開調查,警方逮捕了62名涉嫌參與詐騙的人。Özer則否認了指控,聲稱他的出國旅行是為了會見外國投資者。

截至2021年4月30日,土耳其法院決定將六名嫌疑人,包括失踪CEO的家屬和高層員工,監禁待審。國際刑警也對Özer發出了紅色通緝令。

內政部長Süleyman Soylu表示:“當他被紅色通緝捕獲時,我們與大部分這些國家有引渡協議。願上帝保佑他能被捕並被送回。”

Özer成功逃避了逮捕超過一年,最終於2022年8月30日在阿爾巴尼亞被捕。他試圖在法庭上上訴引渡,但決定被維持,Özer於2023年4月30日回到土耳其監禁,距離醜聞爆發已兩年。

Özer在土耳其的案件進展迅速。2023年7月,他在抵達土耳其僅三個月後,因未能提交稅務檢查委員會要求的某些文件而被判處七個月零15天的監禁。

2023年9月8日,安納托利亞第九高刑事法院判處Özer及其兩名兄弟共11,196年、10個月和15天的監禁,並處以500萬美元的罰款。

在法庭上,Özer聲稱自己和家人面臨虛假指控。他表示:“我足夠聰明,可以管理世界上所有機構。這從我22歲創立的公司可見一斑。如果我要成立一個犯罪組織,我不會這麼不成熟地行事……顯然,檔案中的嫌疑人已經成為受害者超過兩年。”

Özer在Tekirdağ No. 1 F型高安全閉鎖監獄服刑時去世。F型監獄是專為政治犯、有組織犯罪集團成員及其他武裝團體的重刑犯設立的高安全性機構。

人權倡導者對F型監獄的條件多次表示擔憂。2007年,國際特赦組織指出該監獄存在“嚴厲和任意”的紀律處分,以及孤立。

土耳其改變法律以保護投資者

Thodex醜聞及其後果影響深遠,促使土耳其政府改變其對加密貨幣的政策。

在Özer逃往國外的消息傳出後,土耳其中央銀行禁止加密支付,並禁止支付提供商為加密交易所提供法幣進入渠道。官方通知禁止“在支付服務和電子貨幣發行中直接或間接使用加密資產”。值得注意的是,該禁令不包括銀行,這意味著用戶仍然可以通過銀行轉賬將里拉存入加密交易所賬戶。

這項禁令旨在確保金融穩定,而其他機構如資本市場委員會(CMB)和金融犯罪調查局(MASAK)則開始合法化交易活動。2021年5月,MASAK修訂了反洗錢和打擊恐怖主義融資的法律,將加密貨幣納入其中。

到2024年,“資本市場法修訂法”生效,這是基於2021年初步變更的基礎,並包括廣泛的消費者保護措施以及有關許可和報告的條款。

這些新措施旨在使土耳其擺脫金融行動特別工作組的“灰色名單”,該名單上列出了反洗錢措施不充分的國家,並進一步促進了當地的加密行業。

Chainalysis的《2025年加密貨幣地理報告》發現,土耳其在中東和北非地區的加密貨幣接收價值方面名列前茅。去年,交易活動也大幅上升。

從長遠來看,Thodex醜聞或許促進了該國對加密貨幣的採用,但這一切都是在搖撼土耳其加密貨幣行業、使許多投資者受損之後才發生的。這也導致了其策劃者和CEO的監禁和死亡。

這一事件不僅揭示了加密貨幣市場的脆弱性,也暴露了監管不足的現實。土耳其政府的迅速反應雖然在一定程度上保護了未來的投資者,但卻無法挽回已經受到損失的投資者的信任。未來,如何平衡創新與監管將成為全球各國面臨的挑戰。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。而圖片則由FLUX根據內容自動生成。

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