標普全球評級上調聯合航空信貸評級至BB+

標普全球評級(S&P Global Ratings)將聯合航空控股公司(United Airlines Holdings,NASDAQ代碼:UAL)的信貸評級由「BB」提升至「BB+」,並維持穩定展望。標普指出,儘管市場環境充滿挑戰,聯合航空依然展現出韌性的信用指標和盈利能力。

評級機構強調,今年在旅客需求低迷的情況下,聯合航空仍保持穩定的營運表現。公司在宏觀經濟和地緣政治不確定因素下,仍能維持穩健的現金流,加上積極減債策略,成為此次評級上調的主要原因。

標普預計聯合航空將在2026年前持續維持良好的信用水平和盈利能力,未來兩年資金運作產生的現金流(FFO)與債務比率將保持在30%以上,而調整後的債務與息稅折舊攤銷前利潤(EBITDA)比率將維持在2倍低位。

聯合航空最近提前兩年還清了15億美元的高成本、以積分計劃作為擔保的債務,並且保持行業領先的186億美元流動資金。公司目標是將槓桿率穩定維持在2倍以下,較2025年6月30日標普調整後的2.3倍槓桿有所改善。

標普特別提及聯合航空的高端、積分獎勵(MileagePlus)及國際業務收入,在需求疲軟時期展現出收入的韌性。這些業務板塊的增長速度超越了經濟艙乘客收入,並在過去兩年推動聯合航空利潤率提升。

評級機構指出,聯合航空在網絡航空公司中,國際旅遊收入佔比最高,且其重要的沿海樞紐城市,與芝加哥、丹佛及休斯頓等內陸主要樞紐互補。這種布局為公司擴展高利潤的高端及積分銷售提供了更多機會。

聯合航空自2023年以來,盈利水平與達美航空(Delta Air Lines,NYSE代碼:DAL)相當,2024年第二季度起,季度平均EBITDA利潤率超過15%,營運利潤率超過9%。

聯合航空的自由現金流表現超出標普預期,有助於強化資產負債表。儘管公司可能會用部分多餘現金進行股份回購,標普預期這些回購不會以借貸方式資助,符合聯合航空的財務政策。

標普也提醒未來可能面對的挑戰,包括2025年後的飛機支出增加。聯合航空預計未來每年資本支出將維持在70億至90億美元,若同時盈利表現不及預期,可能對信用指標造成壓力。

整體而言,標普維持穩定展望,是基於聯合航空近期的債務償還以及強勁的自由現金流產出,預期公司將保持強健的財務指標。

評論與分析

聯合航空此次獲得標普評級上調,彰顯其在航空業持續動盪中展現的財務韌性,尤其是在疫情後全球旅遊需求尚未完全回復的背景下。公司能夠提前償還高成本債務,並保持龐大的流動資金,反映出其良好的資金管理和風險控制能力。

值得注意的是,聯合航空積極發展高利潤的高端及積分獎勵業務,這不僅提升了收入結構的穩健性,也增強了客戶黏性。這種策略在航空業普遍面臨激烈價格競爭和波動需求的情況下,無疑是提升競爭力和盈利能力的關鍵。

然而,未來資本支出增加帶來的壓力不容忽視。飛機更新換代是航空業保持競爭力的必要投資,但若同時市場需求或盈利未達預期,可能對信用評級和財務健康造成負面影響。

從投資角度看,聯合航空目前的財務狀況和市場定位使其具備長期增長潛力,尤其是在國際航線和高端客群的拓展上。投資者應關注其資本支出規劃與盈利能力的平衡,以及宏觀經濟環境對航空業復甦的影響。

總結來說,聯合航空在後疫情時代的表現為航空業樹立了良好範例,展示了如何在逆境中穩健成長。未來若能持續優化成本結構和提升高價值客戶服務,將更有助於鞏固其市場地位及提升股東價值。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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