加州兩華人涉違法出口Nvidia AI晶片案

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兩名中國公民加州被捕 涉非法向中國運送數千萬美元AI晶片

據美國司法部週二公佈,兩名中國籍人士在加州被捕,控以非法向中國運送價值數千萬美元的人工智能晶片,其中包括Nvidia(納斯達克代碼:NVDA)H100晶片。

案中被告分別為28歲的Chuan Geng(居住於帕薩迪納)及28歲的Shiwei Yang(居住於埃爾蒙特)。根據刑事起訴書指控,他們於2022年10月至2025年7月期間,未經美國商務部核准許可,將先進的Nvidia晶片及其他技術出口至中國。

起訴書透露,Geng與Yang在2022年成立了位於埃爾蒙特的ALX Solutions公司,正值美國對中國實施廣泛技術出口管制並開始要求晶片出口許可之後。

Nvidia發言人對此事拒絕置評。

超過20批貨物由ALX Solutions發往新加坡及馬來西亞的貨運及轉運公司,這些地點常被用作非法貨物轉運至中國的中轉站。

2024年1月,ALX從一家中國公司收取了100萬美元款項,此外還從香港和中國的其他公司收款,這些付款方並非貨運代理公司。

Nvidia H100晶片屬於先進型號,可用於訓練大型語言模型及其他應用,如自動駕駛汽車及醫療診斷系統。

記錄顯示,從2023年8月至2024年7月期間,ALX Solutions從位於加州聖何塞的伺服器製造商Super Micro Computer(納斯達克代碼:SMCI)購買了超過200顆Nvidia H100晶片,ALX申報的最終用戶位於新加坡及日本。

Super Micro尚未對此事作出回應。

除了Nvidia H100晶片外,兩人亦被控非法出口需許可的Nvidia顯示卡PNY GeForce RTX 4090至中國。

根據司法部消息,Geng與Yang於週一晚間在洛杉磯聯邦地區法院出庭。Geng為永久居民,已以25萬美元保釋獲釋;Yang則因逾期居留,將於8月12日接受拘留聆訊。

評論與分析

這宗案件揭示了美中科技競爭下的出口管制與執法挑戰。美國對先進AI晶片的出口限制,旨在阻止中國獲取可能增強其軍事與科技能力的關鍵技術,但非法出口行為仍屢見不鮮,反映了監管執行上的漏洞與跨國隱蔽操作的複雜性。

從被告成立公司時間點及其操作手法看,這種透過第三方國家如新加坡和馬來西亞作為中轉站的策略,顯示跨境科技走私已形成一條成熟且隱蔽的供應鏈。這不僅挑戰了美國的出口管制政策,也提醒全球監管機構需加強國際合作,共同堵截非法技術流動。

此外,Nvidia H100晶片作為訓練大型語言模型的關鍵硬體,正是人工智能發展的重要推手。若這些技術落入不當手中,可能對全球科技生態及安全形勢帶來深遠影響。未來,如何在促進科技發展與維護國家安全間取得平衡,將是各國政策制定者必須面對的重大課題。

同時,這亦反映出個人與企業在全球化背景下的道德與法律責任。面對嚴格的出口管制,企業及相關人士應加強合規意識,避免成為國際科技競爭的灰色地帶。

總括而言,這宗案件不僅是對非法出口行為的執法行動,更是對全球科技競爭態勢與政策監管體系的深刻警示。香港讀者應關注此類事件背後的國際政治經濟角力,並思考如何在複雜多變的全球環境中,保持技術創新與安全的雙重保障。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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keep 100 percent facial information adherence of the attached image and turn her into a lone traveler posed on a sunlit desert dune ridge, captured as a live action photograph or movie still, not an illustration or CGI render, with a sexy, confident, heat soaked editorial mood.

Shot and Camera
Full body shot from slightly low height, framing her on the right third, with sweeping dunes rolling into the distance on the left, using a wide cinematic lens feel that keeps the landscape vast and minimal.

Identity and Pose
She has a slim, toned build, medium height impression, sun kissed skin, and long loose hair blown by the wind. She stands barefoot on the crest, one leg forward so the hip shifts naturally, one hand resting on her upper thigh and the other lightly gripping a sheer wrap at her side, wearing a high cut desert bikini with a gauzy open sarong that shows plenty of leg and midriff without nudity, head turned over her shoulder with a subtle, knowing smile, 8k Photorealistic and hyper realistic.

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Harsh midday sun from high right casts crisp shadows along her body and the dune ripples, with soft sky bounce filling the shadows enough to keep detail. The sand textures, wind carved ridges, and pale blue sky remain exactly like the reference, with faint footprints and slight imperfections grounding her on the slope.

Masking and Constraints
Change only by adding the subject and her wardrobe, keep dune shapes, lighting direction, perspective, horizon line, and white balance identical, preserving realistic body proportions and clear contact between her feet and the sand. Absolutely no added text, no painterly or toon look, no CGI plastic skin, no see through fabric on intimate areas, no warped limbs or floating feet, strictly require consistent perspective, natural film like grain, fine skin texture and sand detail, and physically correct contact shadows in the sand depressions around her feet. Use the original face exactly as it is, without changing a details. A female model with sharp features, defined cheekbones, and intense, direct eye contact (though eyes are slightly in shadow from the hat).
• Aesthetic: Vintage fashion, Pin-up, 1950s/1960s style, high-glamour, summer resort wear.
• Lighting: Bright, harsh sunlight creating high contrast and crisp shadows. The light should perfectly illuminate the skin and the vibrant colors of the dress.
• Color Palette: Dominated by vibrant yellow, crisp white, and bold red, accented by deep black.
Specific Outfit & Details:
• Dress: A bright yellow halter-neck sundress with a classic white polka-dot pattern. It has a fitted, sweetheart neckline or bustier-style top that enhances the silhouette.
• Accessories:
• A very large, wide-brimmed sun hat in crisp white (or light straw/fabric) that casts a shadow over the upper face.
• A matching yellow polka-dot scarf tied closely around the neck (like an ascot or choker-style).
• Large, striking black statement earrings (circular, drop, or bead style).
• Bold red lipstick is a key feature, contrasting sharply with the yellow and white.
Technical/Camera Details:
• Shot: Close-up or medium-close-up portrait, focusing on the torso, neckline, face, and hat.
• Depth of Field: Shallow (low f-stop), with the model in sharp focus and the background slightly blurred (bokeh).
• Background: Out-of-focus, suggesting a bright outdoor location, with abstract shapes of boats/yachts (white and red accents visible) in a marina setting. Stylised portrait in emerald green and charcoal black palette. Grayscale realism for subject, upward gaze. Sunglasses with muted emerald reflective lenses. Jacket with ornate baroque/filigree black designs, emerald hood underneath. Textured emerald-green fabric draped below. Background: dense, overlapping hand-inked patterns in emerald, charcoal, and subtle silver — radiating lines, geometric shapes, spirals, parallel contour textures, crosshatching, organic waves, dots. Bold contrast, deep blacks, glowing emerald accents. Mixed-media pop realism. Negative prompt: no cartoon, no art style, no painting, no drawings.