AI詐騙危機已來襲!政府資金被大規模掏空

Ai




我係一位網絡安全公司CEO,服務逾9,000個機構,Sam Altman講AI詐騙危機嚟緊?其實已經到咗!

作者:Haywood Talcove,LexisNexis Risk Solutions政府組別CEO,專責協助聯邦及州政府機構防範詐騙。

Sam Altman最近警告話,AI主導嘅詐騙「好快就會嚟」,而且會破壞我哋用嚟驗證身份嘅系統。但事實係,呢場危機已經發生,唔單止銀行受影響,政府各個部門都已經中招。

每星期都有AI生成嘅詐騙行為,從公共福利系統、災難救濟基金同失業救濟計劃中非法抽走數以百萬計嘅資金。犯罪集團利用深偽技術、合成身份同大型語言模型,輕易突破過時嘅防詐騙系統,例如單一層面嘅面部識別,佢哋而家贏得非常輕鬆。

疫情期間我哋已經見過端倪,當時詐騙集團利用州政府系統漏洞,偷取數千億美元失業救濟金。當時唔止係戴口罩避開面部識別,而係用AI生成嘅假身份、聲音克隆同偽造文件,令系統完全招架不住。今日,呢啲手法更加進化同自動化。

我嘅工作範圍包括逾9,000個機構。今年我兩次喺美國眾議院作證,現場嘅情況非常清楚:詐騙變得更快、更便宜、可大規模進行。無論係本土定跨國組織,都用生成式AI去模仿身份、造假文件,並大量提交虛假申請。佢哋唔單止偷政府錢,更係偷美國人民嘅錢。

美國小企業管理局監察長估計,疫情期間嘅失業保險詐騙損失接近2,000億美元,成為美國歷史上最大嘅詐騙損失之一。醫療補助、國稅局、臨時援助、兒童健康保險計劃同災難救助項目同樣面臨風險。我哋亦親身見證,協助美國特勤局保護農業部嘅SNAP計劃,呢個計劃已成為詐騙者嘅「自助餐」,全國每月損失數十億美元。事實上,一個詐騙集團用AI喺一天內可以喺多個州提交數萬宗虛假申請,大部分申請會自動處理,除非被系統標記。

我哋已經到咗一個關鍵點。AI繼續演進,呢啲攻擊嘅規模同複雜度會迅速增長。正如摩爾定律預測計算能力每兩年翻一番,我相信AI發展亦有類似規律,我稱之為「Altman定律」:AI能力每180日翻一番。

如果我哋嘅防禦系統無法跟上科技進步嘅速度,將永遠被對手壓倒。

我哋急需嘅係更智能嘅工具同基建,而唔係更多繁文縟節。

呢啲包括多層次嘅先進身份驗證,唔止係面部掃描或者密碼。要利用實時數據、行為分析同跨管轄區嘅工具,喺資金流出前識別異常。同時,重啟已經有效嘅工具,例如國家準確率清算所(National Accuracy Clearinghouse),呢個系統曾經成功標記出跨州重複申請嘅數十億美元,卻被關閉。

AI係一個力量倍增器,但比起用嚟防護,更容易被用作武器。依家,犯罪分子用AI嘅能力比我哋更強。呢個情況唔改變,最脆弱嘅系統同依賴佢哋嘅人會繼續受害。

**評論與啟發:**

呢篇文章係由一位真正在前線對抗詐騙嘅網絡安全CEO撰寫,內容充滿實戰經驗同警示。Sam Altman作為AI界嘅領軍人物,指出AI詐騙危機「將要嚟」,但作者直接反駁話危機已經存在,並且影響範圍極廣,唔止金融業,政府多個社會福利項目都淪陷,金額巨大,令人震驚。

文章最深刻嘅啟示係,科技發展速度極快,AI能力每半年就可能翻倍,但防詐騙技術同監管措施未必能夠跟上。傳統驗證方法如面部識別、簡單密碼已經唔夠用,反而淪為犯罪分子攻擊嘅突破口。作者提出「Altman定律」呢個概念,提醒我哋要有更前瞻嘅策略。

更值得思考嘅係,文章呼籲重啟曾經有效嘅系統,並且推動多層次、跨部門嘅數據共享同分析,顯示打擊詐騙唔係單靠技術就得,亦需要政策支持同跨機構合作。AI既係機遇亦係威脅,若唔及時改革防禦系統,後果將非常嚴重。

對香港同國際社會嚟講,呢個警告都十分重要。香港作為國際金融中心,面對AI詐騙威脅亦不可掉以輕心。未來監管機構、企業同公眾都要加強警覺,投資智能防詐騙技術,並且教育用戶識別AI詐騙手法,才能減少損失。

總括而言,文章以第一線實例揭示AI詐騙已經無處不在,呼籲各方加快部署更智慧嘅防禦措施,係一篇具前瞻性同實用價值嘅警示報告。希望相關部門能夠正視呢個問題,唔好等到損失擴大先後悔莫及。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。而圖片則由FLUX根據內容自動生成。

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