美國FAA延遲飛機駕駛艙二次防護一年生效




美國聯邦航空局延後一年實施飛行艙次級防護門規定

華盛頓 — 美國聯邦航空局(FAA)於週二宣布,將推遲原定於今年8月生效的規定,該規定要求新交付的美國客機必須裝設防止非法進入飛行艙的次級防護門,延後期限為一年。

代表美國航空、聯合航空、達美航空等主要航空公司的美國航空業協會(Airlines for America)曾請求FAA延後兩年,原因是FAA至今尚未核准任何次級飛行艙防護門的認證,也沒有授權相關手冊、程序或培訓計劃。

FAA表示:「這段時間將有助於推進FAA的認證流程並完成防護門的安裝。」

自2001年9月11日四架美國客機遭劫持事件後,FAA制定了飛行艙安全標準,確保飛行艙能抵禦強行入侵和未經授權的進入。

這項規定要求飛機製造商在美國商用客機的新機型上安裝第二道實體防護門,但不強制要求現有客機進行改裝。

FAA於2023年指出,新增的防護門將在駕駛艙門開啟時保護飛行艙免於被入侵。

美國航空飛行員協會(Air Line Pilots Association)上月曾敦促FAA「拒絕拖延策略」,並推動安裝其所描述的輕量、可伸縮的安全門。

該工會強調,自2001年以來,全球至少發生52起劫機未遂事件,「證明航空業仍是恐怖活動的目標,劫機威脅持續存在。」

2023年,工會建議此規定應於公布一年後生效,而波音、空中巴士及美國航空業協會則呼籲延長至三年。

FAA原本應在2019年依2018年聯邦法律制定相關規則,但該局表示必須先遵循程序規定,才能推行新規。

2007年,FAA已制定飛行艙門安全規定,包括飛機運行時須將駕駛艙門上鎖,除非為授權人員進入才可開啟。

評論與分析:

FAA此次延後實施次級飛行艙防護門的決定,反映出航空安全規範推行過程中的多重挑戰。雖然911事件後全球航空安全意識大幅提升,但從政策制定到落實仍需平衡技術認證、航空公司運營及培訓準備等多方面因素。航空業者與工會在延遲時間的分歧,揭示了行業內部對安全升級速度的不同期待。

值得注意的是,FAA強調此舉是為了確保認證流程完善及安裝順利,顯示技術標準和實務操作的銜接並非易事。從更廣泛角度看,如何在確保飛行安全的同時,避免過度增加航空公司的負擔和成本,是未來政策制定的重要課題。

此外,飛行員工會強調恐怖威脅未減,呼籲快速推行防護措施,凸顯了基層執勤人員對安全的迫切需求。FAA和航空公司需加強溝通,兼顧安全與可行性,才能達到真正有效的防護效果。

總結來說,這次延遲反映了航空安全政策從理論到實務的複雜性,也提醒我們,安全升級不能僅靠法規,而須配合技術成熟、培訓完善與業界共識,才能真正守護空中旅客的安全。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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