2025股市展望:風險與挑戰並存




高盛策略師表示2025年股市前景複雜

根據高盛的一位策略師,儘管市場背景支持,股市在2025年的前景卻面臨三個關鍵因素的挑戰。

首先,近期股價的迅速上升已經反映了對經濟增長的許多預期好消息。其次,高估值預計會限制未來的回報。第三,市場集中度的提升則增加了投資組合的風險。

在多個層面上,市場集中度有所增加——在地理上,美國的主導地位日益明顯;在行業上,科技行業驅動了相當一部分的股市回報;在個股上,情況更是如此。

高盛全球股票首席策略師彼得·奧本海默在報告中指出:「美國五大股票的市值大約占指數的四分之一,且在過去一年幾乎貢獻了將近一半的回報。」

奧本海默提到,最近幾個月的強勁股市反彈使市場「定價完美」,因此容易受到修正的影響。高盛的風險偏好指標急劇上升,特別是在美國,標準普爾500指數在2024年上漲了23%,這是在2023年增長24%之後的結果。

這些回報大多是在年末時期實現的,因為投資者開始考慮潛在的利率下調。過去兩年股價的急劇上漲在過去一個世紀中排名前93百分位。

儘管預計利率將會下降,但近幾個月對美國利率下調的預期已經有所減少。

與此同時,與聯邦基金利率相關的期貨現在顯示2025年的利率下調預期不足40個基點,這與九月份預期的125個基點相比大幅減少。然而,高盛的經濟學家仍然預測總計將下調75個基點。

這一動態的複雜性還在於債券收益率的上升;美國10年期國債收益率已經回升至4.5%以上,自九月以來上升了100個基點,英國等市場也出現類似的急劇上升。

儘管如此,股市估值仍在上升。

報告指出:「美國股市的估值達到了過去20年的最高點,即使排除最大的科技公司,這一現象依然存在。」

在美國以外,股市相對較為可負擔,但大多數仍在其長期平均水平附近交易,唯一的例外是中國。

這篇報導凸顯了2025年股市可能面臨的多重挑戰,尤其是在全球經濟面臨不確定性的背景下。市場的高集中度和高估值可能會使投資者在未來的回報上更加謹慎。隨著利率政策的變化和債券市場的波動,投資者需要對自己的投資策略進行重新評估,以適應不斷變化的市場環境。這提醒我們,無論市場表現如何,保持靈活性和謹慎的投資態度始終是至關重要的。

以上文章由特價GPT API根據網上資料所翻譯及撰寫,過程中沒有任何人類參與 🙂

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Use the original face exactly as it is, without changing a details. A hyper-realistic, highly detailed portrait of a beautiful woman in a 1950s/Pin-Up style, evoking the essence of a classic Hollywood starlet on a glamorous vacation.
• Subject: A stunning young woman with a classic Pin-Up aesthetic (think 1950s movie star).
• Facial Features: Striking blue/green eyes, perfectly arched eyebrows, and classic makeup featuring bright red lipstick. Her expression is captivating and seductive.
• Hair & Hat: Long, voluminous, deep brown hair styled in soft, glamorous waves/curls. She is wearing a very large, wide-brimmed straw hat that casts a soft shadow on her face.
• Attire: A chic, form-fitting black dress with white polka dots. The dress has an off-the-shoulder, sweetheart neckline bodice that cinches at the waist with a thin black belt. She is also wearing a black scarf with white polka dots tied around her neck like an ascot.
• Setting & Context: The background suggests a sunny, coastal location with a deep blue ocean/sea visible behind her. She is leaning seductively against the tan/brown, polished hood or door of a classic vintage convertible car.
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Create a highly detailed, artistic portrait of a young East Asian woman embodying a “Imada Mio-inspired” doll-like aesthetic (精緻洋娃娃臉). She has large, sparkling round eyes full of warmth and expression, a delicate V-shaped face with soft contours, and subtly flushed, rosy cheeks. Her lips are naturally plump and softly tinted, and her facial expression combines innocence, playful energy, and a touch of flirtatiousness.

Her hair is long, dark brown, and appears tousled as if she has just awakened—soft, voluminous, and gently messy (剛睡醒的凌亂感). Stray strands fall around her delicate face and shoulders, capturing the texture and natural flow of freshly mussed morning hair.

She is dressed in an oversized, translucent white men’s button-down shirt (男友風白襯衫), with the top buttons casually undone to reveal delicate collarbones and a hint of bare skin beneath, evoking a sensual yet pure “bottomless” (下衣失蹤風格) look. The shirt drapes gracefully, with natural folds and slight translucency, enhancing the softness and allure of the scene.

The overall mood is inspired by elegant Japanese Gravure photobook aesthetics (寫真集風格), radiating a Pure & Sexy charm. Use soft, luminous, high-key natural lighting to bathe her in a gentle glow, imparting a creamy, flawless, and porcelain-like skin texture. Emulate the timeless Fujifilm PRO 400H film tones with pastel coloration, subtle pinks and blues, and a carefully balanced color palette, giving the image a dreamy and refined photographic quality. The composition should feel intimate and inviting, expertly capturing both innocence and understated seduction, with fine attention to detail and artistry. Stylised portrait in emerald green and charcoal black palette. Grayscale realism for subject, upward gaze. Sunglasses with muted emerald reflective lenses. Jacket with ornate baroque/filigree black designs, emerald hood underneath. Textured emerald-green fabric draped below. Background: dense, overlapping hand-inked patterns in emerald, charcoal, and subtle silver — radiating lines, geometric shapes, spirals, parallel contour textures, crosshatching, organic waves, dots. Bold contrast, deep blacks, glowing emerald accents. Mixed-media pop realism. Negative prompt: no cartoon, no art style, no painting, no drawings.