薩爾瓦多總統押注比特幣,能否扭轉經濟困局?




奈伊布·布克爾堅持「比特幣儲蓄罐」策略,但這真的有效嗎?

比特幣佔據了薩爾瓦多近15%的外匯儲備,總統布克爾在與國際貨幣基金組織(IMF)簽訂協議後,仍然堅持他的激進加密貨幣策略。

在2024年12月,薩爾瓦多因宣布與IMF達成新協議而引起媒體關注,這為其負債累累的經濟注入了新動力,並提供了未來的關鍵融資。這項協議似乎標誌著與傳統金融市場的休戰,後者長期以來對薩爾瓦多的比特幣賭注持懷疑態度。

然而,這項協議——仍在等待IMF董事會的批准——對布克爾來說卻付出了個人代價。薩爾瓦多成為首個在2021年將比特幣作為法定貨幣的國家,現在必須放棄強制接受比特幣的政策,並使企業使用比特幣變為自願。此外,政府還必須停止以比特幣徵稅,這可能表明布克爾的雄心壯志有所退卻。

儘管如此,布克爾並未氣餒。在協議宣布後不久,薩爾瓦多在1月的前幾周內再次加碼,購買了超過二十個比特幣。這一累積策略已經帶來了可觀的利潤,但也加劇了與IMF的緊張關係。

而現在,隨著特朗普總統在美國推動加密貨幣擴張並探索國家數字資產儲備,布克爾再次加碼——他對比特幣的美好未來及薩爾瓦多的賭注充滿信心。

特朗普的比特幣助力

“今年,隨著特朗普的就職和比特幣ETF的成熟,將對比特幣及更廣泛的生態系統至關重要……我們正在享受這些好處。”布克爾在1月14日的新聞發布會上表示。

他預測,隨著共和黨總統領導世界最大經濟體,價值將“可能呈指數增長”,而布克爾作為特朗普就職典禮的少數特邀嘉賓之一——儘管他最終未能參加這一活動。

實際上,2024年對布克爾來說是個高光時刻。曾因擁有世界上最高的謀殺率而臭名昭著的薩爾瓦多,年末卻成為拉丁美洲最安全的國家之一。與此同時,比特幣在美國選舉後突破了$100,000,並且IMF的協議為薩爾瓦多減輕債務負擔提供了途徑。

雖然一些IMF的條件可能會限制布克爾的雄心,但專家認為這筆交易的權衡是值得的。遵守條件將使薩爾瓦多獲得14億美元的貸款,為急需的財務救助提供保障,並標誌著在經過幾年的相對孤立後重返國際金融體系。

薩爾瓦多會成為新的新加坡嗎?

通過穩定的累積政策,薩爾瓦多的比特幣持有量現在已經增至600多個比特幣。根據當前的市場價格,這些持有量總計近6億美元,佔該國總國際儲備的近15%。根據Bitbo的數據,這使薩爾瓦多在全球主權比特幣持有量中排名第六。

“你可以稱之為我們的第一個比特幣儲蓄罐,”布克爾在將國家的加密貨幣持有量轉移到冷錢包後表示。

在2024年以壓倒性優勢連任後,布克爾的總統任期因對有組織犯罪的強硬打擊而受到爭議,但這一措施得到了廣泛支持,導致大規模拘留並受到人權組織的批評。儘管如此,他的強硬手段在薩爾瓦多人中贏得了廣泛的支持。

然而,布克爾對國家的願景不僅限於公共安全。憑藉他作為廣告高管的背景,他的使命是將這個資源稀缺的小國重新品牌化為全球加密貨幣的避風港,以吸引國際投資者並促進經濟增長。

由於其對加密貨幣友好的法規,薩爾瓦多逐漸成為加密公司的一個熱點。最近,穩定幣市場的主導力量Tether宣布在獲得數字資產服務提供商的許可後將遷移至薩爾瓦多。USDT的共同創始人甚至已經將居住地搬到了該國。

“比特幣投資的利潤只是個數字;與整個項目的品牌價值相比,意義不大,”薩爾瓦多國家比特幣辦公室負責人Stacy Herbert在接受Cointelegraph採訪時表示。

“對於像薩爾瓦多這樣的小國來說,比特幣倡議是歷史上最大的品牌重塑,帶來了價值數百萬美元的免費宣傳。”Herbert補充說,其他加密公司也在獲取許可的過程中。根據數字資產交易公司Nonco的合夥人Guilherme Rebane的說法,薩爾瓦多為比特幣及更廣泛的加密行業量身定制的法規,加上強勁的行業動力,為該國的產業前景帶來了良好的預兆。

“我們可以期待更多公司對這裡的機會感興趣,而Tether的遷移無疑引起了更多的關注,”他說。

事實上,進入這個比特幣友好的國家似乎正在成為一個強大的營銷工具。

“我認為Tether來到薩爾瓦多是為了擴大其全球聲譽,”位於薩爾瓦多的交易所Monetae的首席創新官Eloísa Cardenas表示。

“雖然Tether是穩定幣市場上最大的參與者,但它的統治不會持久。該公司需要在其聲譽可以繼續增長的地方進行戰略定位。”

比特幣使用和採納的挑戰依然存在

儘管薩爾瓦多的比特幣策略引起了全球的關注,但當地的採納情況卻不太令人鼓舞。

最近的一項民調顯示,只有7.5%的薩爾瓦多人曾經使用過比特幣。在Cointelegraph記者的訪問中,一些當地人對使用比特幣的理解顯得不足,而宣傳比特幣支付的商家因技術問題無法處理交易。

92%的受訪薩爾瓦多人表示他們沒有使用比特幣進行交易。

雖然布克爾的安全政策使他在2024年總統選舉中以85%的壓倒性優勢獲勝,但並非所有人都對他的比特幣追求感到滿意。

“我幾乎不認識任何人會使用比特幣進行日常交易,”前中央銀行行長Acevedo說。“即使是那些投資比特幣的人,也需要一定的收入水平,而大多數人都沒有——80%的人賺取最低工資。”

一些居民認為,國家的「儲蓄罐」可以用於更好的用途。“這筆比特幣投資不如用於學校、醫院和就業機會,”薩爾瓦多公民Cristian Castillo在接受地區媒體採訪時表示。

展望未來

儘管對薩爾瓦多策略的擔憂和採納困難,專家們仍然支持布克爾的策略,該策略迄今為止已經帶來了可觀的回報。

“我不認為政府決定以穩定的速度繼續累積比特幣是錯誤的;它將繼續增值,”Acevedo說。

“在薩爾瓦多的情況下,問題在於缺乏透明度。當涉及到中央銀行管理的儲備資產時,透明度是完全的。但對於比特幣,除非總統發推文,否則我們真的不知道太多。”

這篇文章僅供一般信息參考,並不應被視為法律或投資建議。文中表達的觀點、想法和意見僅代表作者本人,並不一定反映或代表Cointelegraph的觀點和意見。

在這篇文章中,我們看到布克爾總統在推動薩爾瓦多的比特幣政策上所面臨的挑戰與機遇。儘管IMF的協議可能限制了他的某些計劃,但他仍然堅持比特幣的潛力,並試圖將薩爾瓦多打造成全球加密貨幣的中心。這種策略不僅僅是經濟上的賭注,更是對國家品牌形象的重塑。

然而,當地居民對比特幣的採納情況卻不容樂觀,這表明即使在政策層面上取得了進展,實際的社會接受度仍然是個大問題。未來,布克爾需要找到更有效的方式來教育和引導民眾,讓他們理解並參與到這一新興的經濟模式中,否則這場比特幣的冒險可能會面臨更大的挑戰。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。而圖片則由FLUX根據內容自動生成。

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Edit the uploaded photo (face based on the reference photo). Ensure the face remains consistent with the person in the uploaded image, without changing facial structure, skin tone . Create a Create an 8K ultra-realistic image of a jpyful woman dancing and celebrating in the rain outdoors. She has a big smile on her face, eyes closed with happiness. She is wearing a floral sleeveless dress with a fitted waist and a short, flowy skirt. She has a simple gold necklace and her dark hair is tied back. Her arms are raised, one hand higher than the other, and she is barefoot, standing on wet ground with her toes touching the surface. The background is blurred with dark green trees, emphasizing her joyful expression and movement. The rain is falling steadily around her, creating a lively and vibrant atmosphere. Using a Canon EOS R camera with a 50mm f/1.8 lens, f/2.2 aperture, shutter speed 1/200s, ISO 100 and natural light, Full Body, Hyper Realistic Photography, Cinematic, Cinema, Hyper detail, Ultra hd, Color Correction, ultra hd, hdr , color grading, 8k. Using the uploaded photo generate ​a Monochromatic portrait, low-key lighting, chiaroscuro technique, striped shadows crossing the face, intense gaze, film noir aesthetic, studio lighting, sharp edges, depth of field."
​"Close-up, dramatic split lighting combined with linear shadows, black background, glossy lips and subtle skin texture, photorealistic digital art, professional portrait photography. {
"intro": "Create an ultra realistic 8K UHD DSLR photo based on the attached image as a reference of facial features, maintaining 100% likeness.",

"subject": {
"identity": "A stylish beautiful woman portrayed as Cleopatra, the eternal Queen of Egypt, radiating supreme authority, elegance, and divine power.",
"angle": "Full-body editorial portrait captured at a cinematic 3/4 angle, both Cleopatra and the horse positioned diagonally, rendered in ultra-crisp clarity with no blur.",
"pose": {
"body_position": "She is riding a majestic white horse, seated confidently with impeccable royal posture, her torso slightly turned to a 3/4 angle to emphasize grace and dominance.",
"hands": "One hand gently holds the gold-accented reins, while the other rests elegantly near her waist, displaying ornate jewelry.",
"expression": "She looks directly at the camera with a calm, commanding, and seductive gaze—the unmistakable presence of a queen born to rule."
}
},

"appearance": {
"outfit": "An opulent, ultra-bongga Cleopatra couture gown in pristine white and radiant gold. The gown features a sculpted corset bodice richly embroidered with gold hieroglyphic motifs, sun-disk patterns, and crystal beadwork. Flowing white silk, chiffon, and sheer organza panels cascade dramatically from the waist and shoulders, creating powerful movement as she rides. A daring thigh-high slit reveals her leg, balancing sensuality with imperial elegance. Every seam is traced with gold-thread embroidery for a luminous, goddess-like silhouette.",
"accessories": "She wears the exact Cleopatra headpiece from the attached reference image: a regal black-and-gold striped nemes-style headdress with a polished gold cobra (uraeus) centerpiece at the forehead, structured side panels, and intricate gold detailing. Paired with a wide Egyptian collar necklace with turquoise accents, engraved gold arm cuffs, crystal finger rings, an ornate gold waist belt, delicate anklets, and elegant flat Egyptian sandals.",
"hair": "Her hair is fully concealed beneath the nemes headpiece as shown in the reference image, ensuring perfect historical accuracy and symmetry.",
"makeup": "Ultra-bold, highly colorful Egyptian eye makeup with ceremonial ink artistry. Her eyes feature sharp elongated black kohl eyeliner extended dramatically past the outer corners, layered with vivid turquoise, teal, emerald green, sapphire blue, violet, and metallic gold pigments blended in high-fashion gradients. Beneath each eye, intricate hand-drawn ink designs inspired by ancient Egyptian symbolism are visible—fine black and gold lines, dots, and sacred motifs echoing hieroglyphs and protective markings, following the natural curve of the lower eye and cheekbone. Her complexion is flawless and softly bronzed with luminous highlights, brows are sculpted and powerful, cheeks carry a subtle coral-rose flush, and lips are finished in a refined nude-rose satin tone to balance the intense, artistic eye look."
},

"props": {
"animal": "A powerful, majestic white horse with a flowing ivory mane, sculpted muscles, and intelligent dark eyes. The horse wears elegant white-and-gold tack engraved with Egyptian motifs, symbolizing royal conquest, divine favor, and sovereignty."
},

"background": {
"macro_environment": "A vast open desert landscape near the Egyptian palace and pyramids at golden hour, stretching endlessly beneath a dramatic sky glowing with gold, amber, and soft ivory tones.",
"midground_details": "Distant pyramids rising from the sand, monumental stone statues, ceremonial banners moving in the wind, and faint silhouettes of royal guards and attendants placed far behind for scale.",
"micro_elements": "Fine desert sand lifted by the horse’s movement, sharply defined gold engravings on the reins, visible embroidery threads on the gown, subtle translucency of sheer fabrics, radiant light reflections on gold surfaces, and crisp, realistic shadows—everything rendered with extreme clarity and zero blur."
},

"lighting": {
"type": "Cinematic natural golden-hour lighting with soft reflective highlights.",
"effect": "Warm sunlight intensifies the white-and-gold palette, ignites the vibrant eye makeup colors and ink details, and illuminates the horse’s coat, creating a radiant, divine, editorial glow."
},

"camera": {
"camera_type": "DSLR",
"resolution": "8K UHD",
"lens": "50mm prime lens",
"aperture": "f/8 for maximum sharpness across subject and background",
"iso": 100,
"shutter_speed": "1/250s to freeze motion while maintaining realism",
"focus": "Extreme sharp focus from foreground to background, no bokeh, no blur"
},

"style": "High-fashion editorial, cinematic realism, divine Egyptian royalty, white-and-gold couture contrasted with vibrant ceremonial eye art, powerful, sensual, ultra-detailed, sharp, majestic"
}