艾克森與赫斯石油大戰 53億收購案生死戰




美國兩大石油巨頭埃克森美孚與赫斯將於倫敦法庭對峙,決定雪佛龍收購赫斯的5,300億美元交易命運

據報導,美國最大石油生產商埃克森美孚(Exxon Mobil)與赫斯(Hess)將於本周一在倫敦展開庭審,針對雪佛龍(Chevron)斥資530億美元收購赫斯的交易進行仲裁聽證,這筆交易攸關赫斯在蓋亞那豐富油田的重要股權。該收購案於2023年10月公布,為近年石油業最大宗交易之一,也是雪佛龍執行長Mike Wirth提升公司業績的核心策略。

然而,埃克森美孚與赫斯在蓋亞那油田的合作夥伴中國海洋石油公司(CNOOC)早於去年初就對交易提出仲裁爭議,導致交易延遲完成,使雪佛龍錯失增產及收入機會。赫斯最具價值的資產是其在蓋亞那近海Stabroek區塊的30%股權,該油田由埃克森美孚運營,估計蘊藏超過110億桶油當量。埃克森與CNOOC聲稱,根據合約他們擁有優先購買權,應可優先取得赫斯在該油田的股份。

反觀雪佛龍與赫斯則辯稱,優先購買權條款並不適用於整間公司的出售。若仲裁結果不利於他們,且無法與埃克森及CNOOC達成妥協,該收購案將告吹。

此次仲裁由國際商會(ICC)三人仲裁庭主持,聽證會將於倫敦秘密進行。據悉,Stabroek區塊的聯合營運協議由英國法律管轄,仲裁各方在聽證前已提交大部分書面證詞,整個仲裁過程通常耗時長達兩年,但各方預計今年第三季能有結果,約為埃克森及CNOOC啟動仲裁18個月後。

專家指出,該仲裁速度相對較快,反映各方並無拖延意圖。聽證首日,雙方將發表開場陳詞,並對先前提交的證人及專家證詞進行交叉質詢。仲裁庭亦會就各方爭議點提問,聽證預計進行約五天。聽證結束後,三名仲裁員需有兩人同意,才能作出最終裁決。仲裁結果將由ICC審核後正式發布,根據英國1996年仲裁法,當事人可因程序嚴重不公等有限理由提出挑戰,但成功率甚低。

評論與啟示

這場仲裁不僅是石油業巨頭間的法律爭鬥,更折射出全球能源市場權力的微妙博弈。蓋亞那作為新興油產國,蘊藏龐大資源,成為國際大公司爭奪的焦點。埃克森美孚與CNOOC主張優先購買權,顯示出合作夥伴關係在資源開發中的關鍵影響力,而雪佛龍則試圖突破此限制,取得整體控制權。

對香港及國際市場投資者而言,這場仲裁結果將直接影響油價走勢及相關能源股表現。更深層次來看,這反映出大型能源企業在全球能源轉型與地緣政治變局中,如何透過企業併購重塑競爭格局。仲裁程序的透明度與公正性亦成為市場關注焦點,因為這不僅關乎法律,更關乎國際商業信心與投資環境。

最後,從法律及商業策略角度出發,這次仲裁提醒企業在簽訂合作協議時,必須嚴謹界定權利與義務,尤其是涉及跨國資源開發的合約條款,否則可能引發長期且昂貴的法律爭議。對香港作為國際金融及仲裁中心來說,此類案件亦提供了寶貴的實務經驗與聲譽建設機會。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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