美鋼鐵關稅升至50% 歐洲鋼企受重創




美國加徵鋼鐵關稅 歐洲鋼鐵業受重創

德國第二大鋼鐵生產商Salzgitter週一警告,美國政府宣布將鋼鐵進口關稅翻倍至50%,這項政策正嚴重打擊歐洲工業。根據德國鋼鐵協會數據,美國是歐洲鋼鐵出口(歐盟境外)中最重要的市場,約佔出口量的五分之一,約400萬公噸。

Salzgitter行政總裁Gunnar Groebler表示,美國這種反覆無常的關稅政策對歐洲經濟造成沉重打擊,尤其是對德國影響甚鉅。他指出,除了直接出口美國所面臨的高關稅,歐盟市場也因亞洲鋼鐵大量傾銷而承受更大進口壓力。

亞洲鋼鐵多年來不斷湧入歐洲市場,而美國加徵關稅可能加劇這一趨勢,成為歐洲鋼鐵業的最大困擾之一,加上能源價格高企,情況更為嚴峻。為此,歐盟於4月1日加嚴鋼鐵進口配額,進一步削減15%的進口量,作為歐洲鋼鐵與金屬行動計劃的一部分。

歐洲兩大鋼鐵巨頭ArcelorMittal和Thyssenkrupp的股價分別下跌0.2%和1.2%,而Salzgitter股價保持平穩。西班牙鋼鐵商Acerinox股價則上升4.2%,該公司在美國鋼鐵產量超過歐洲。Acerinox方面人士透露,產能過剩問題將波及歐洲,歐盟必須採取措施,防範來自亞洲受補貼競爭對手的衝擊。

Salzgitter在美國的銷售僅佔其總銷售額的4.5%,其中一半來自非鋼鐵技術部門。Thyssenkrupp也曾表示,美國市場佔其鋼鐵出口的比例不足5%。對於記者的置評請求,Thyssenkrupp未予回應。

Groebler呼籲,若美國鋼鐵進口關稅增至50%,歐盟委員會應加快推動鋼鐵與金屬行動計劃的相關措施,以保護本土產業。

編輯評論:

美國此舉表面上是為了保護本國鋼鐵產業,但實際上卻製造了全球貿易緊張和市場扭曲,歐洲鋼鐵業成為最大受害者。Salzgitter CEO Groebler的觀點揭示了關稅政策的雙重打擊:一方面直接打擊對美出口,另一方面亞洲鋼鐵因美國市場受限,轉而加碼歐洲市場,造成歐洲產業面臨更大競爭壓力。

歐盟加強進口配額限制,顯示出在全球貿易環境日益保護主義化下,歐洲正試圖自我防衛,但這是否能長遠解決產能過剩和市場失衡仍是疑問。尤其在能源成本居高不下的背景下,歐洲鋼鐵業的競爭力已不如以往。

此外,Acerinox股價上漲反映市場對其在美國生產布局的肯定,這也透露出企業在全球布局多元化以避開貿易壁壘的重要性。對於投資者而言,如何在這種充滿不確定性的國際貿易環境中,找到真正具備競爭力和增長潛力的鋼鐵企業,將是未來的挑戰。

總結來看,這場鋼鐵關稅戰並非單純的貿易政策調整,而是全球產業鏈重塑的縮影。歐洲鋼鐵業如何在美中歐三方博弈中找到平衡點,維持競爭力,將是未來值得密切關注的焦點。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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