美聯儲2026分歧影響比特幣走勢




聯儲局對2026年利率前景分歧,對比特幣及加密貨幣意味著甚麼?

美國聯邦儲備局(Fed)於12月公布的利率點陣圖顯示,對2026年降息幅度存在明顯分歧,分析師預測一至兩次降息或將影響加密貨幣市場動力。

美國聯儲局今年對加密貨幣市場的影響力非常大,這種影響力預計會延續至2026年,因為政策制定者之間仍存在分歧。2025年聯儲局已經三次降息,最近一次是在12月10日,將利率降至3.5%至3.75%之間,為2008年以來的最高水平。

然而,展望2026年,預測顯示聯儲局可能只會再進行一次降息,儘管利率仍然維持在多年高位。影響決策的主要因素包括勞動市場數據、通脹走勢(尤其是關稅影響)以及整體經濟增長情況。

此外,聯儲局將於明年5月迎來新主席,現任主席鮑威爾任期屆滿。前總統特朗普已經開始篩選可能的候選人,普遍被認為會傾向鴿派立場。

2026年初聯儲局會如何行動?

聯儲局下一次會議定於1月27日至28日舉行,這將是政策制定者首次更新指引的機會,可能為第一季度定調。根據芝商所(CME)數據,市場對1月降息25個基點的概率只有20%,而3月中旬會議降息概率則升至45%。

點陣圖顯示政策制定者意見分歧

2025年12月的點陣圖顯示,政策制定者對利率走勢的看法分歧明顯,預測中有相等數量的人士認為2026年不降息、降一次息或降兩次息,令市場對2026年前景充滿不確定性。這份圖表雖然增加了透明度,但隨著經濟數據不斷變化,預測亦會調整。

目前2025年底的中位數預測為3.6%,基本與現行利率相若,而2026年底則為3.4%,即預計全年僅有一次降息。

查爾斯·施瓦布(Charles Schwab)分析師指出,12月降息後的最新預測並非特別鷹派,19位政策制定者中有12位預計明年將至少降息一次。

分析師預期2026年將有兩次降息

CoinEx研究部首席分析師Jeff Ko告訴Cointelegraph,聯儲局內部存在重大分歧,點陣圖顯示利率路徑上意見分散,沒有明確共識。他認為聯儲局可能會在2026年實施兩次降息,1月暫停,3月降息一次,這將發生在鮑威爾任期結束前。

他解釋,如果勞動市場狀況持續疲軟,而通脹在第二季度可能仍高於3%,這樣的時間安排是合理的。新主席上任後,預計會繼續推動逐步寬鬆政策。

BTSE交易所首席營運官Jeff Mei則提出幾種第一季度可能出現的情況:基本情況是聯儲局在第一季度降息一次,並維持目前的國債回購規模,釋放流動性,有利於加密貨幣資金流入;樂觀情況是通脹下降、失業率上升,聯儲局將更積極降息兩次並加大國債回購,這將推動加密貨幣市場需求大增;最壞情況則是通脹再度抬頭,聯儲局被迫停止降息和回購,恐令股市和加密貨幣市場大跌。

2026年市場期待趨於謹慎

Arctic Digital研究主管Justin d’Anethan表示,市場原本對結束量化緊縮及聯儲局轉向鴿派抱有很大期望,但現實是聯儲局態度雖然較為寬容,仍保持謹慎。

他認為,對於本質上是對抗央行魯莽政策、法幣貶值及全球市場流動性變化的加密資產來說,這種更為審慎的態度會抑制市場的狂熱情緒。

不過,新主席上任或會改變聯儲局整體的利率政策立場及對風險資產(如加密貨幣)的支持意願。通常利率下降會令投資者轉向風險較高的資產,加密貨幣需求及價格往往因此上升。

評論與啟示

聯儲局的利率政策一直是影響加密貨幣市場的重要外部因素。本文揭示了2026年聯儲局內部對利率走勢的分歧,這種不確定性本身就會成為市場波動的重要推手。從投資角度看,市場參與者應該密切關注聯儲局的政策信號,尤其是新主席上任後的政策傾向,因為這可能決定未來加密貨幣的資金流動和價格走勢。

此外,文章點出勞動市場和通脹數據將是決策關鍵,這提醒投資者不能只盯著利率本身,而要全面分析宏觀經濟環境。Jeff Mei提出的多種情景分析也為市場參與者提供了策略參考,尤其是在風險管理和資產配置上。

值得注意的是,雖然加密貨幣被視為對抗傳統金融政策風險的工具,但當宏觀政策趨於謹慎或不確定時,加密市場的表現也會受到壓抑。這說明加密貨幣市場與傳統經濟政策之間的關聯性日益加深,未來投資者需要更加靈活調整策略,適應這種新常態。

總結來說,2026年聯儲局政策走向的不確定性,既帶來風險,也蘊含機遇。投資者和市場分析師應該從多角度解讀政策信號,並準備好應對不同的市場情景,以抓住加密貨幣市場可能出現的反彈或調整。

以上文章由GPT 所翻譯及撰寫。圖片由Gemini 根據內容自動生成。

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