美國穩定幣新規則影響全球流動性




美國穩定幣規則分裂全球流動性,CertiK警告

根據區塊鏈安全審計公司CertiK的一份新報告,美國對穩定幣的監管新政策正在重塑全球流動性流動,並與歐盟的加密資產市場(MiCA)制度形成明顯的結構性分裂,實際上創造了美國和歐盟的穩定幣流動性池。

報告指出,美國數字資產市場在2025年進入了一個新的監管明確階段,聯邦立法和行政改革在數字資產的發行、交易和保管方面達成了廣泛的一致。

這一變化的核心是由美國總統唐納德·特朗普於7月簽署的GENIUS法案,該法案為支付穩定幣建立了首個聯邦框架。該法律對儲備要求提出了嚴格的規定,禁止產生收益的穩定幣,並正式將穩定幣發行者納入美國金融體系。

儘管該框架為美國發行者提供了期待已久的監管確定性,但報告警告說,它也加速了與歐盟MiCA制度的全球分歧,導致美國擁有一個“獨特的流動性池”,有效地破壞了全球穩定幣市場。

因此,CertiK預計穩定幣流動性將逐漸按司法管轄區進行分割,這將引入新的跨境結算摩擦,並可能為區域穩定幣套利打開大門。

MiCA因銀行風險受到批評,美國將穩定幣視為國家策略

儘管歐盟的MiCA制度要求穩定幣全額贖回並禁止收益,但它因引入銀行集中風險而受到批評,因為規定要求大多數發行者的儲備必須存放在歐盟內的銀行中。

Tether首席執行官Paolo Ardoino告訴Cointelegraph,這種結構可能會為發行者帶來“系統性風險”,因為銀行通常會根據部分準備金制度貸出其存款的相當一部分。

其他人,包括Fideum創始人Anastasija Plotnikova,則警告說,MiCA的框架也可能加速行業整合,因為更高的合規和資本成本將提高小型發行者的進入門檻。

然而,無論是GENIUS法案還是MiCA,似乎都不是為了維護全球穩定幣的可替代性。相反,這兩個框架都優先考慮監管監督和金融穩定,而在美國的情況下,則明確強化了美元流動性和全球美元使用。

這一觀點在今年早些時候得到了財政部長Scott Bessent的強調,他表示,政府將採取有意識的穩定幣監管方式,並將其作為延續美國美元主導地位的工具。

“正如特朗普總統所指示的,我們將保持美國[美元]在世界上的主導儲備貨幣地位,我們將利用穩定幣來實現這一目標,”Bessent說。

這篇報導揭示了當前全球金融體系中穩定幣的監管趨勢,特別是美國和歐盟之間的分歧,這不僅影響了市場流動性,也可能對全球金融穩定性造成衝擊。隨著各國對穩定幣的監管政策逐漸明確,市場參與者需要更加關注這些變化對跨境交易和資本流動的潛在影響。這不僅是對穩定幣的挑戰,也是對全球金融體系的考驗,未來如何平衡監管與創新將成為關鍵。

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