美國最高法院拒絕Uber及Lyft避責訴訟申請




**美國最高法院拒絕Uber和Lyft避免加州司機訴訟的申請**

(路透社)— 美國最高法院週一拒絕受理Uber(紐約證券交易所代碼:UBER)和Lyft(納斯達克代碼:LYFT)挑戰加州代表司機提起的訴訟。這些司機曾簽署協議,將法律糾紛排除在法院之外,以爭取其作為承包商的地位。

法官駁回了這兩間公司的上訴。先前下級法院的裁決允許由民主黨領導的加州州檢察長和勞工委員會追究Uber和Lyft因錯誤將司機分類為獨立承包商而不是僱員所欠的款項。

這些公司辯稱,聯邦法律禁止州代表任何簽署協議的人提起訴訟,這些協議要求在私人仲裁中解決法律糾紛,而不是在法院。這包括超過6000萬美國工人和幾乎所有接受公司服務條款或註冊產品的消費者。

加州於2020年對這些公司提出了單獨的訴訟。一家州上訴法院在2023年對這些公司挑戰訴訟的裁定不利。隨後,加州最高法院拒絕受理他們的上訴。

加州是幾個指控Uber和Lyft剝奪司機最低工資、加班費、費用報銷和其他保護措施的民主黨領導州之一,因為他們將司機標籤為獨立承包商。大多數聯邦和州的工資法律僅適用於僱員,這使得公司雇用承包商的成本大幅降低。

Uber、Lyft和其他基於應用程式的服務否認他們是”零工經濟”工人的僱主,這些工人可能因合同的靈活性而受益。

該行業一直倡導州級公投,允許公司以承包商的身份對待工人,並提供某些福利。加州最高法院在7月維持了一項由Uber和Lyft支持的措施,該措施在2020年獲得了該州選民的壓倒性支持。

Uber和Lyft在6月同意採納一項32.50美元的每小時最低工資標準,適用於馬薩諸塞州的司機,並支付1.75億美元以解決該州民主黨領導的檢察長提出的訴訟,該訴訟指控他們不當將司機視為獨立承包商。

Uber和Lyft還被數千名美國司機起訴,這些司機表示他們應該被視為僱員。然而,這些案件中很少有獲得明確裁定,其中許多已被送至仲裁,因為大多數公司的司機都簽署了仲裁協議。

**編者評論:**

這次美國最高法院的裁決再次強調了零工經濟中的勞工權益問題。這不僅僅是關於Uber和Lyft,這更是關於如何平衡企業對靈活用工模式的需求與工人基本權益的保障。隨著這種商業模式的普及,立法和司法機構需要進一步考慮如何制定適當的法律框架,確保工人的基本權益不被忽視。同時,這也反映出企業在法律與道德責任之間的權衡,這無疑將成為未來一個持續熱議的話題。

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Create a photorealistic movie-poster image for Zootopia 2. The scene shows a young Asian man and an oversized black shirt standing inside a crowded, dimly lit cinema. He’s flanked by Judy Hopps in full police uniform and Nick Wilde, both rendered in their official Disney CGI style. Capture the shot from a low angle so the characters feel larger than life. The cinema screen behind them is glowing with an intense action scene from the film. Let the light from the screen spill across their faces and clothing to create dramatic high contrast. The environment should feel alive with background silhouettes, soft haze, and the warm ambience of a packed theatre. Style the composition like an official Disney promotional poster: epic layout, sharp detail, high resolution, balanced framing, and clean edges. The man and the cinema should be fully photorealistic, while Judy and Nick retain their signature animated look.
At the bottom, include:
• The Disney logo
• The title ZOOTOPIA 2 in bold green and white
• The release line ONLY IN THEATERS NOVEMBER 26 Poster tone: cinematic, polished, high-end theatrical marketing. Aesthetic cozy mirror selfie of a young man sitting casually on a chair, wearing a dark oversized hoodie and blue jeans, holding a professional camera in one hand, resting her face on the other hand with a soft dreamy smile. Warm beige indoor background with soft studio lighting, minimal modern interior. Cute cartoon-style doodles around her including a smiling sunflower character and hand-drawn yellow sun, playful white sketch lines around the camera. Handwritten romantic ultra-sharp close-up portrait of a woman [image uploaded] with soft, fair, luminous skin, natural rosy blush across her cheeks and nose. she has large, expressive brown eyes with subtle warm eyeshadow, soft eyeliner, and long defined lashes. her lips are glossy with a natural pink tint. her dark brown hair is styled in a voluminous messy updo with loose, wispy tendrils framing her face, creating a soft, youthful look. lighting is bright, warm, and natural, coming from the side window, casting gentle highlights on her skin and hair. she wears a red sleeveless top, layered delicate pearl necklaces, and a single visible red earring with gold detailing. background features a softly lit indoor space with curtains and a window showing blue sky, creating a fresh, airy mood. overall aesthetic is modern beauty photography with clean color tones, perfect skin texture, and high-end editorial styling. negative prompt: distorted face, unnatural freckles, incorrect hair texture, uneven lighting, heavy makeup, washed-out colors, low resolution, cluttered background, incorrect accessories, over-retouching, harsh shadows.