美國最高法院審理Facebook證券詐騙案




美國最高法院審理Facebook尋求撤銷證券詐騙訴訟的請求

華盛頓(路透社)- 美國最高法院於週三聽取了Meta旗下的Facebook(NASDAQ:META)對一宗聯邦證券詐騙訴訟的上訴,該訴訟由股東提起,指控這家社交媒體平台在用戶數據被濫用的問題上誤導了投資者。

Facebook對一個較低法院的裁決提出上訴,該裁決允許由Amalgamated Bank(NASDAQ:AMAL)主導的2018年集體訴訟繼續進行。這是本月內最高法院審理的兩宗案件之一,另一宗涉及人工智能芯片製造商Nvidia(NASDAQ:NVDA),可能導致裁決使私人訴訟者更難追究公司對於所謂證券詐騙的責任。

原告指控Facebook違反1934年《證券交易法》,該法律要求上市公司披露其業務風險。他們聲稱該公司非法隱瞞了2015年涉及英國政治顧問公司劍橋分析(Cambridge Analytica)的數據泄露事件,該事件影響了超過3000萬名Facebook用戶。

保守派大法官克拉倫斯·托馬斯(Clarence Thomas)對Facebook的律師卡農·香穆甘(Kannon Shanmugam)施壓,質疑公司的風險聲明是否具有誤導性。

他指出:「問題在於,合理的人可能會看到這個聲明,並假設因為它只談論未來這種損害或事件發生的可能性,所以它從未發生過。」

香穆甘則回應說:「我們認為合理的人不會從這種聲明中得出這種推論。當聲明說『如果某事發生,可能會隨之而來損害』時,我不認為這種聲明的必要前提是該事件從未發生過。」

2018年有媒體報導劍橋分析在2016年唐納德·特朗普成功當選美國總統的過程中,利用不當收集的Facebook用戶數據,導致Facebook的股價下跌。該訴訟要求賠償金額不明,部分目的是為了彌補投資者持有的Facebook股票的價值損失。

目前的焦點是Facebook是否違法,因為它在後續的商業風險披露中未能詳細說明之前的數據泄露事件,而是將此類事件的風險描繪為純粹的假設性。

Facebook在最高法院的簡報中辯稱,它並不需要透露其警告的風險已經實現,因為「合理的投資者」會理解風險披露是一種前瞻性陳述。

自由派大法官埃琳娜·卡根(Elena Kagan)告訴香穆甘:「當我們考慮這些問題時,我們不僅僅是在尋找謊言或完全的虛假陳述。我們還在尋找誤導性陳述或誤導性省略。」

保守派大法官塞繆爾·阿利托(Samuel Alito)詢問香穆甘:「風險的評估不就是總是前瞻性的嗎?這不是固有的前瞻性嗎?」

香穆甘回答:「是的,這正是我們在這裡的論點的基礎。」

保守派大法官布雷特·卡瓦諾(Brett Kavanaugh)和尼爾·戈薇奇(Neil Gorsuch)問香穆甘,是否有其他披露要求可以讓公司列出與本案相關的過去事件。

不過,保守派首席大法官約翰·羅伯茨(John Roberts)質疑香穆甘對其他披露條款的使用。

美國地區法官愛德華·達維拉(Edward Davila)於2021年駁回了該訴訟,但位於舊金山的第九巡迴上訴法院在2023年以2-1的裁決恢復了該訴訟。最高法院預計將在6月底作出裁決。

劍橋分析數據泄露事件引發了美國政府對Facebook隱私實踐的調查、各種訴訟以及美國國會的聽證會,Meta首席執行官馬克·祖克伯格(Mark Zuckerberg)在聽證會上被立法者質詢。

美國證券交易委員會於2019年對Facebook展開執法行動,最終該公司以1億美元了結此事。Facebook還因劍橋分析事件向美國聯邦貿易委員會支付了50億美元的罰款。

最高法院將於11月13日聽取Nvidia的類似上訴,該上訴旨在避免一宗指控其誤導投資者的證券集體訴訟,該訴訟涉及Nvidia的銷售中有多少比例流向波動劇烈的加密貨幣行業。

在這次訴訟中,Facebook的法律策略和對風險披露的解釋引發了廣泛的關注與討論,這不僅關乎企業的法律責任,也對未來的投資者信心及市場透明度產生深遠影響。這一案件的結果可能會改變企業在面對類似指控時的行為標準,進一步影響投資者的權益保護機制。

以上文章由特價GPT API根據網上資料所翻譯及撰寫,過程中沒有任何人類參與 🙂

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