美國取消低價包裹免稅優惠 或影響eBay及Etsy跨境二手買賣
美國總統特朗普日前突然宣布,將於8月29日起取消所有國家寄往美國、價值低於800美元包裹的「de minimis」免稅待遇,原本預定於2027年7月才實施的政策提前生效。此舉將令在eBay及Etsy等平台上購買二手、復古或手工製品的美國消費者面臨更高的關稅負擔,或對這些點對點交易平台的跨境貿易造成衝擊。
這項政策改變的背後,是美國方面對免稅門檻的擔憂,認為該制度助長芬太尼毒品走私,同時造成大量廉價商品免稅湧入,損害美國本土零售商及製造商的利益。早在今年5月,特朗普已經取消中國及香港寄往美國的低價包裹免稅待遇,對像Shein及Temu等跨境電商造成影響。
根據美國海關與邊境保護局(CBP)資料,去年約有13.6億件貨物透過de minimis政策免稅入境,總價值達646億美元。eBay和Etsy均曾在CBP徵詢取消免稅政策意見時表達反對。Etsy全球公共政策及倡議主管Jeffrey Zubricki指出,這些免稅優惠對小型創作者、工匠及製作者至關重要,幫助他們參與跨境貿易,維持營生並支持家庭收入。他強調,許多美國的Etsy賣家依賴de minimis制度與主要貿易夥伴進行商品進出口。
Etsy活躍賣家約有560萬,買家近9000萬,絕大多數均位於美國,但Etsy至今未對新政策作出回應。eBay亦呼籲海關重新考慮,認為de minimis讓美國消費者能以較低價格接觸全球市場,尤其是二手貨及獨特收藏品,這些商品在國內市場難以買到。
eBay行政總裁Jamie Iannone在週三的財報電話會議中提及,除中國外取消de minimis可能對公司收入構成干擾。未來經郵政系統寄送的貨物將面臨兩種關稅之一:依貨物原產國有效稅率徵收的「從價稅」或為期六個月、根據原產國稅率而定的80至200美元「特定關稅」。
這是小型企業在特朗普政府課徵高額進口關稅下又一新挑戰,成本上升迫使不少商家調高售價,也引發美國消費者對日常用品價格上漲的憂慮。國際商會副秘書長Andrew Wilson直言,與美國做生意的複雜程度已達到前所未見的高度,他質疑美國是否有能力有效管理這些關稅徵收,擔心可能出現海關積壓及延誤問題。
Wilson說:「邊境貿易是否有足夠裝備應付檢查及關稅徵收?若無,海關積壓會怎樣?這將從下月起成為一個巨大負擔。」
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評論與啟示:
美國取消低價包裹免稅優惠,表面上是為了打擊毒品走私及保護本土產業,實則也反映了全球化背景下跨境電商和傳統貿易模式的深刻變革。對於香港這個國際貿易和電商樞紐而言,此舉帶來的啟示不容忽視。
首先,這政策將直接影響大量依賴跨境平台銷售或購買二手及手工藝品的中小型商家,因為成本上升可能削弱其競爭力。香港作為東西方貿易中轉站,如何協助本地商戶在新規下調整營運策略,成為挑戰。
其次,政策的加速實施暴露出政府在反恐及管控與市場自由之間的矛盾。美國政府擔心毒品走私,卻可能以政策手段影響合法商業活動,這種「一刀切」的做法或許不夠精細,未來能否找到平衡點值得觀察。
此外,海關系統是否有能力應對新增的關稅徵收與檢查壓力,將是關鍵。若無法高效處理,反而可能造成物流瓶頸,影響整體貿易效率。香港在智能海關及物流科技上的發展經驗,或許能為美國等市場提供參考。
最後,這一政策變動提醒全球電商必須多元化市場策略,降低對單一國家的依賴。同時,對消費者而言,尋找本地或區域性替代品,可能成為未來趨勢。
總括而言,美國取消低價包裹免稅帶來的影響遠超過單一市場,對全球跨境電商生態及供應鏈結構都將產生深遠影響。香港作為國際貿易樞紐,應密切關注並積極應對這些變化,為本地商戶爭取最大利益。
以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。
![[Subject]: Young Asian female with "Imada Mio-inspired" doll-like aesthetic (精緻洋娃娃臉). She has large round expressive eyes, a small V-line face, and rosy cheeks. Her expression is innocent, energetic, and slightly flirty. [Hair]: Messy morning hair (剛睡醒的凌亂感), long dark brown hair, slightly tousled, natural volume. [Outfit]: Wearing an oversized translucent white button-down shirt (男友風白襯衫), unbuttoned at the top to reveal collarbones, creating a "bottomless" look (下衣失蹤風格). [Style]: Japanese Gravure Photobook style (寫真集風格), Pure & Sexy vibe, bright high-key lighting, soft skin texture, Fujifilm PRO 400H color tone.](https://ssfuture.shop/wp-content/uploads/ai_gen_1764994293-300x300.png)

![{
"intro": "Create an ultra realistic 8K UHD DSLR photo based on the attached image as a reference of facial features, maintaining 100% likeness.",
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"accessories": "A dramatic Egyptian ceremonial headpiece with gold and crystal detailing, an oversized layered gold collar necklace, sculpted crystal arm cuffs, finger armor rings, a crystal-and-gold waist belt, and delicate gold anklets accentuating her bare feet.",
"hair": "Her hair is sleek, glossy, and perfectly controlled, styled to balance the weight of the crystal headpiece while allowing elegant movement.",
"makeup": "Ultra-glam, colorful Egyptian night makeup—bold elongated black kohl eyeliner, intense eyeshadow layered in turquoise, emerald, sapphire blue, violet, and metallic gold. Beneath the eyes, intricate ceremonial ink drawings in fine black and gold lines inspired by ancient Egyptian markings. Skin is luminous with molten-gold highlights, brows strong and defined, lips finished in a sensual nude-bronze satin."
},
"props": {
"ritual_elements": [
"Burning incense bowls releasing thick aromatic smoke",
"Golden sistrum placed near the dance space",
"Tall ceremonial torches lining the temple floor"
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},
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"macro_environment": "A grand ancient Egyptian temple courtyard at night, reserved for sacred royal rituals.",
"midground_details": "Towering sandstone columns, massive statues of Isis and Hathor, carved temple walls, flowing linen drapes, and ceremonial platforms illuminated by firelight.",
"micro_elements": "Torch flames reflecting off crystal surfaces, fine dust particles glowing in the night air, incense smoke wrapping around her legs and feet, detailed stone floor textures beneath her bare feet, crystal fringe in motion, and sharply defined shadows—everything rendered in extreme detail with zero blur."
},
"lighting": {
"type": "Cinematic night lighting using torches, oil lamps, and subtle moonlight.",
"effect": "Firelight ignites the crystal bodice with prismatic sparkle while moonlight softly outlines her legs and feet, creating a dramatic, sensual, and divine atmosphere."
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"camera": {
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"shutter_speed": "1/200s to freeze elegant motion clearly",
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},
"style": "Ultra high-fashion editorial, night temple ritual, all-crystal couture, sexy yet sacred, ancient Egyptian royalty reimagined, cinematic realism, extremely detailed, sharp, iconic"
}](https://ssfuture.shop/wp-content/uploads/ai_gen_1766006158-167x300.png)