穆迪預測2026穩定幣成數碼現金核心




穆迪展望2026:穩定幣成為市場核心基建

穆迪最新跨行業展望報告指出,穩定幣及代幣化存款正逐步演變為機構級的「數碼現金」,2025年鏈上結算量激增約87%,達到約9萬億美元,遠超傳統銀行間流動的規模。

報告強調,法幣支持的穩定幣和代幣化存款,正成為數碼金融體系中流動性管理、抵押品調動及結算的關鍵工具,推動金融系統日益代幣化。

穩定幣融入機構金融基建

穆迪將穩定幣與代幣化債券、基金及信貸產品並列,視為傳統金融與數碼金融融合的核心元素。2025年,銀行、資產管理公司及市場基建服務商積極試驗區塊鏈結算網絡、代幣化平台及數碼托管,力求簡化發行、交易後流程及日內流動性管理。

報告估計,至2030年,全球在數碼金融及基建上的投資或超過3000億美元,為大規模代幣化及可編程結算鋪路。在這過程中,穩定幣和代幣化存款逐漸成為跨境支付、回購協議(repo)及抵押品轉移的主要結算資產。

穆迪指出,2025年受監管機構利用現金及以美國國債支持的穩定幣,促進基金、信貸池及交易場地間的日內資金流動,花旗銀行及法國興業銀行等均已進行相關試點。摩根大通的JPM Coin更是典型例子,將可編程支付和流動性管理整合入傳統銀行基建,展示「數碼現金」如何疊加於核心系統之上。

監管趕上數碼現金轉型,風險仍存

監管方面,歐盟《加密資產市場規範》(MiCA)、美國穩定幣及市場結構提案,以及新加坡、香港和阿聯酋的牌照框架,顯示全球監管正朝著代幣化、托管及贖回規則的統一方向發展。

歐洲方面,法國興業銀行旗下的EURCV穩定幣及相關項目,正根據歐盟新興穩定幣框架開發;中東海灣地區則探索以阿聯酋迪拉姆為參考的支付代幣及更廣泛的數碼貨幣架構。

不過,穆迪提醒,這場轉型並非沒有風險。隨著更多資產上鏈,智能合約漏洞、區塊鏈預言機失效、托管系統遭受網絡攻擊,以及多鏈碎片化,可能引發新的操作及交易對手風險。安全性、互操作性和治理將與監管明確性同等重要,唯有如此,穩定幣才能成為可靠的機構結算資產,而非系統性風險的新源頭。

評論與啟示:

穆迪的報告清晰描繪出穩定幣正從加密圈的邊緣工具,躍升為全球金融市場不可或缺的基建組件。這反映出傳統金融與數碼金融的融合已成大勢所趨,穩定幣不再只是投機資產,而是日常流動性管理和跨境結算的關鍵。

然而,這種轉變帶來的風險同樣不可忽視。智能合約的技術漏洞、區塊鏈生態的碎片化以及網絡安全威脅,都是金融機構必須嚴肅面對的挑戰。監管機構的角色至關重要,如何制定既促進創新又保障安全的規則,將決定穩定幣能否真正成為「數碼現金」的基石。

對香港而言,作為國際金融中心,積極跟進並參與這場數碼金融革命,既是機遇也是挑戰。香港監管機構如何平衡創新與風險,推動本地金融機構在穩定幣及代幣化資產領域的發展,將影響香港在全球數碼金融版圖中的地位。

總結來說,穆迪的報告不僅揭示了穩定幣的市場潛力,更提醒業界必須同步強化技術安全和監管框架,才能迎接一個更加數碼化、代幣化的金融未來。這對投資者、金融機構及監管者都是一個重要的思考契機。

以上文章由GPT 所翻譯及撰寫。圖片由Gemini 根據內容自動生成。

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